Abstract
Alleviation of Al rhizotoxicity by Ca and Mg can differ among species and genotypes. Root elongation of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] line N93-S-179 and cvs. Young and Ransom exposed to varying concentrations of Al, Ca and Mg were compared in two experiments using a vertically split root system. Roots extending from a surface compartment with limed soil grew for 12 days into a subsurface compartment with nutrient solution treatments maintained at pH 4.6 with either 0 or 15 µmol L-1 Al. Calcium and Mg concentrations in treatments ranging from 0 to 20 mmol L-1. Although an adequate supply of Mg was provided in the surface soil compartment for soybean top growth, an inclusion of Mg was necessary in the subsurface solutions to promote root elongation in both the presence and absence of Al. In the absence of Al in the subsurface solution, tap root length increased by 74 % and lateral root length tripled when Mg in the solutions was increased from 0 to either 2 or 10 mmol L-1. In the presence of 15 µmol L-1 Al, additions of 2 or 10 mmol L-1 Mg increased tap root length fourfold and lateral root length by a factor of 65. This high efficacy of Mg may have masked differences in Al tolerance between genotypes N93 and Young. Magnesium was more effective than Ca in alleviating Al rhizotoxicity, and its ameliorative properties could not be accounted for by estimated electrostatic changes in root membrane potential and Al3+ activity at the root surface. The physiological mechanisms of Mg alleviation of Al injury in roots, however, are not known.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Magnesium was more effective than calcium in alleviating aluminum rhizotoxicity in soybean roots.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Magnesiume0
- Outcome
- alleviating Al rhizotoxicitye0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- Cae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean root elongation”
e0“Magnesium was more effective than Ca in alleviating Al rhizotoxicity”
Claim · model-written summary
In the absence of Al, increasing Mg from 0 to 2 or 10 mmol L-1 increased soybean tap root length by 74 %.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Mge4
- Outcome
- tap root lengthe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 74 %e1
- Qualifier
- in the absence of Al in the subsurface solutione1
- Comparator
- from 0e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean root elongation”
e1“In the absence of Al in the subsurface solution, tap root length increased by 74 %”
e4“lateral root length tripled when Mg in the solutions was increased from 0 to either 2 or 10 mmol L-1”
Claim · model-written summary
In the absence of Al, increasing Mg from 0 to 2 or 10 mmol L-1 tripled soybean lateral root length.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Mge4
- Outcome
- lateral root lengthe4
- Direction
- triplede4
- Comparator
- from 0e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean root elongation”
e4“lateral root length tripled when Mg in the solutions was increased from 0 to either 2 or 10 mmol L-1”
Claim · model-written summary
With 15 µmol L-1 Al present, adding 2 or 10 mmol L-1 Mg increased soybean tap root length fourfold.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- additions of 2 or 10 mmol L-1 Mge2
- Outcome
- tap root lengthe2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- fourfolde2
- Qualifier
- In the presence of 15 µmol L-1 Ale2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean root elongation”
e2“In the presence of 15 µmol L-1 Al, additions of 2 or 10 mmol L-1 Mg increased tap root length fourfold and lateral root length by a factor of 65”
Claim · model-written summary
With 15 µmol L-1 Al present, adding 2 or 10 mmol L-1 Mg increased soybean lateral root length by a factor of 65.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- additions of 2 or 10 mmol L-1 Mge2
- Outcome
- lateral root lengthe2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- by a factor of 65e2
- Qualifier
- In the presence of 15 µmol L-1 Ale2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean root elongation”
e2“In the presence of 15 µmol L-1 Al, additions of 2 or 10 mmol L-1 Mg increased tap root length fourfold and lateral root length by a factor of 65”
Claim · model-written summary
The ameliorative effect of Mg on Al injury could not be accounted for by electrostatic changes in root membrane potential or Al3+ activity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- ameliorative propertiese3
- Qualifier
- could not be accounted for by estimated electrostatic changes in root membrane potential and Al3+ activitye3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean root elongation”
e3“its ameliorative properties could not be accounted for by estimated electrostatic changes in root membrane potential and Al3+ activity at the root surface”
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See all 29 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.