Abstract
Two naturally occurring races of the Fusarium wilt or Panama disease fungus, F. oxysporum f. cubense (E.F.S.) Snyd. and Hans., have been identified. Race 1 is world-wide in distribution and attacks certain AAA triploids of Musa acuminata, of which variety 'Gros Michel? is the most important, and Musa textilis. Race 2 has been identified in Honduras, El Salvador, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, and the Dominican Republic and attacks certain ABB triploids of M. acuminata × M. balbisiana known as 'Chato', 'Bluggoe', 'Rulo', or 'Chamaluco'. Both races are pathogenic on 3- to 4-month-old seedlings of M. balbisiana, M. schizocarpa, and M. acuminata ssp. banksii, but the race 2 clone was less pathogenic than the race 1 clones tested. Mature M. balbisiana is immune to rhizome infection in the field. 'Odoratum' and 'Inodoratum' cultivars of F. oxysporum f. cubense are found within race 1; only the 'Inodoratum' cultivar is found within race 2. Circumstantial evidence indicates an independent development of race 2 in different areas. Race 2 wilt-susceptible ABB triploids hybridize and set seed with pollen from diploid M. balbisiana (BB) and M. acuminata (AA), the two ancestors of the cultivated banana. This will facilitate a study of the inheritance of wilt resistance to F. oxysporum f. cubense races 1 and 2.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Two naturally occurring races of the Panama disease fungus were identified.
- Taxon
- BANANASt0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum f. cubense
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubensee0pathogen - Outcome
- Two naturally occurring racese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two naturally occurring races of the Fusarium wilt or Panama disease fungus, F. oxysporum f. cubense (E.F.S.) Snyd. and Hans., have been identified.”
t0“BANANAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Race 1 is worldwide and attacks certain AAA triploids of Musa acuminata and Musa textilis.
- Taxon
- Musa acuminata
Musa acuminatae0 - Material
- AAA triploidse0
- Interactor
- Race 1e0pathogen
- Outcome
- attacks certain AAA triploidse0
- Setting
- world-widee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Race 1 is world-wide in distribution and attacks certain AAA triploids of Musa acuminata, of which variety 'Gros Michel? is the most important, and Musa textilis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Race 1 also attacks Musa textilis.
- Taxon
- Musa textilis
Musa textilise0 - Interactor
- Race 1e0pathogen
- Outcome
- attackse0
- Setting
- world-widee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Race 1 is world-wide in distribution and attacks certain AAA triploids of Musa acuminata, of which variety 'Gros Michel? is the most important, and Musa textilis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Race 2 attacks certain ABB triploids of M. acuminata × M. balbisiana in the listed Caribbean and Central American locations.
- Taxon
- M. acuminata × M. balbisianaMusa acuminatae0
- Material
- ABB triploidse0
- Interactor
- Race 2e0pathogen
- Outcome
- attacks certain ABB triploidse0
- Setting
- Honduras, El Salvador, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, and the Dominican Republice0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Race 2 has been identified in Honduras, El Salvador, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, and the Dominican Republic and attacks certain ABB triploids of M. acuminata × M. balbisiana known as 'Chato', 'Bluggoe', 'Rulo', or 'Chamaluco'.”
Claim · model-written summary
Both races are pathogenic on young M. balbisiana seedlings, with race 2 less pathogenic than race 1.
- Taxon
- M. balbisiana
Musa balbisianae0 - Organ / stage
- 3- to 4-month-old seedlingse0
- Interactor
- race 2e0pathogen
- Outcome
- pathogenice0
- Direction
- less pathogenice0
- Comparator
- race 1 clonese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both races are pathogenic on 3- to 4-month-old seedlings of M. balbisiana, M. schizocarpa, and M. acuminata ssp. banksii, but the race 2 clone was less pathogenic than the race 1 clones tested.”
Claim · model-written summary
Both races are pathogenic on young M. schizocarpa seedlings.
- Taxon
- M. schizocarpaMusa schizocarpae0
- Organ / stage
- 3- to 4-month-old seedlingse0
- Interactor
- Both racese0pathogen
- Outcome
- pathogenice0
Verbatim
e0“Both races are pathogenic on 3- to 4-month-old seedlings of M. balbisiana, M. schizocarpa, and M. acuminata ssp. banksii, but the race 2 clone was less pathogenic than the race 1 clones tested.”
Claim · model-written summary
Both races are pathogenic on young M. acuminata ssp. banksii seedlings.
- Taxon
- M. acuminata ssp. banksii
Musa banksiie0 - Organ / stage
- 3- to 4-month-old seedlingse0
- Interactor
- Both racese0pathogen
- Outcome
- pathogenice0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both races are pathogenic on 3- to 4-month-old seedlings of M. balbisiana, M. schizocarpa, and M. acuminata ssp. banksii, but the race 2 clone was less pathogenic than the race 1 clones tested.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mature M. balbisiana was immune to field rhizome infection.
- Taxon
- M. balbisianaMusa balbisianae0
- Organ / stage
- Maturee0
- Outcome
- immune to rhizome infectione0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mature M. balbisiana is immune to rhizome infection in the field.”
Claim · model-written summary
Odoratum and Inodoratum fungal cultivars occurred within race 1.
- Taxon
- BANANASt0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum f. cubenseFusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubensee0pathogen
- Outcome
- found within race 1e0
- Qualifier
- 'Odoratum' and 'Inodoratum'e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“'Odoratum' and 'Inodoratum' cultivars of F. oxysporum f. cubense are found within race 1; only the 'Inodoratum' cultivar is found within race 2.”
t0“BANANAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Only the Inodoratum fungal cultivar occurred in race 2.
- Taxon
- BANANASt0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum f. cubenseFusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubensee0pathogen
- Outcome
- found within race 2e0
- Qualifier
- 'Inodoratum'e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“'Odoratum' and 'Inodoratum' cultivars of F. oxysporum f. cubense are found within race 1; only the 'Inodoratum' cultivar is found within race 2.”
t0“BANANAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Circumstantial evidence suggested independent origins of race 2 in different areas.
Verbatim
e0“Circumstantial evidence indicates an independent development of race 2 in different areas.”
t0“BANANAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Wilt-susceptible ABB triploids hybridize and set seed with pollen from diploid M. balbisiana and M. acuminata.
Verbatim
e0“Race 2 wilt-susceptible ABB triploids hybridize and set seed with pollen from diploid M. balbisiana (BB) and M. acuminata (AA), the two ancestors of the cultivated banana.”