Abstract
Abstract Little information is available on the response of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] genotypes differing in nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) (g DM g N‐1) to added N fertilizer. Such knowledge is important for reducing the reliance upon fertilizer N. A dryland field experiment was conducted in 1993 and 1994 at Mead, NE evaluating the agronomic responsiveness of 13 sorghum genotypes differing in NUE to three N rates (0, 50 and 100 kg N ha‐1) and also to determine physiological factors that contribute to improved NUE. The experiment was conducted on a fine montmorillonitic, mesic, Typic Argiudoll soil. Total N at maturity, dry matter, and grain yield were used to calculate NUE terms. Genotype differences were found for all measured variables both years, but no N rate by genotype effects were significant. Nitrogen fertilizer enhanced plant N contents and grain yield, but decreased NUE for total biomass and grain production. An early freeze in 1993 markedly reduced the later maturing genotype grain yields which, in turn, influenced NUE group comparisons. All genotypes in the study attained their full yield potential in 1994. The linear response to N rate of the N non‐responsive group was significantly less than the moderately responsive or N responsive group. High NUE sorghums had greater yields than low NUE types averaged over N levels only in 1994 since Naga White, a high NUE type, did not reach maturity in 1993. There was no difference in the linear response to N between these two groups. A linear increase in grain yield with increasing N rate was significantly greater for hybrids than lines. The results suggest that specific selection for high NUE sorghums will not diminish responsiveness to applied N.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum genotypes differed for all measured variables in both years.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genotype differences were found for all measured variables both years”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen rate by sorghum genotype effects were not significant.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no N rate by genotype effects were significant”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer increased sorghum plant nitrogen content.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilizer enhanced plant N contents and grain yield, but decreased NUE for total biomass and grain production”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer increased sorghum grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilizer enhanced plant N contents and grain yield, but decreased NUE for total biomass and grain production”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer decreased sorghum nitrogen use efficiency for total biomass.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilizer enhanced plant N contents and grain yield, but decreased NUE for total biomass and grain production”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer decreased sorghum nitrogen use efficiency for grain production.
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- NUE for total biomass and grain productione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilizer enhanced plant N contents and grain yield, but decreased NUE for total biomass and grain production”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
An early freeze in 1993 reduced later maturing sorghum genotype grain yields.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An early freeze in 1993 markedly reduced the later maturing genotype grain yields”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
All sorghum genotypes reached full yield potential in 1994.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All genotypes in the study attained their full yield potential in 1994”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
The N non-responsive sorghum group had a smaller linear yield response to nitrogen rate than the moderately responsive or responsive groups.
- Material
- N non‐responsive groupe0
- Outcome
- linear response to N ratee0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- moderately responsive or N responsive groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The linear response to N rate of the N non‐responsive group was significantly less than the moderately responsive or N responsive group”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
High-NUE sorghums yielded more than low-NUE sorghums averaged over N levels only in 1994.
- Material
- High NUE sorghumse0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- only in 1994e0
- Comparator
- low NUE typese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High NUE sorghums had greater yields than low NUE types averaged over N levels only in 1994”
Claim · model-written summary
High- and low-NUE sorghum groups did not differ in linear nitrogen response.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no difference in the linear response to N between these two groups”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum hybrids had a significantly greater linear grain yield increase with nitrogen rate than lines.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A linear increase in grain yield with increasing N rate was significantly greater for hybrids than lines”
t0“sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that selection for high-NUE sorghums will not diminish nitrogen responsiveness.
- Outcome
- specific selection for high NUE sorghumse0
- Qualifier
- will not diminish responsiveness to applied Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“specific selection for high NUE sorghums will not diminish responsiveness to applied N”
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