Abstract
Allelopathy by grain sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] frequently harms wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) when the crops are grown in rotation. Responses of seven wheat cultivars to different methods of tilling sorghum stover were investigated to determine if the problem might be remedied by genetic resistance or improved management of the stover. Field trials on Kahola silt loam soil (fine‐silty, mixed mesic Cumulic Hapludolls) compared effects of fallow, tilled sorghum stover, and no‐till sorghum stover during the first season and the same treatments plus no‐till millet [ Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] stover the second season. The seven wheat cultivars were planted after the sorghum and millet were harvested and tilled, and their emergence, stand density, and yield components were measured. Tilled sorghum residue often delayed development of the following wheat crop but did not affect grain yields, probably because allelopathic compounds degraded in the soil. No‐till sorghum stover had little effect on stand establishment but frequently reduced grain yields of wheat, possibly because allelopathic compounds leached slowly. Wheat grain yields (means of all seven cultivars) were 3.3, 2.8, and 2.3 Mg/ha in fallow, tilled sorghum residue, and no‐till sorghum residue, respectively, during 2 yr and 3.1 Mg/ha in no‐till millet residue in the second year. Selection of resistant wheat cultivars is probably impractical, because differences were small and inconsistent. However, if erosion of soil is not a concern, allelopathy might be reduced by prompt tillage and other practices that promote rapid decomposition of sorghum stover.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Tilled sorghum residue delayed development of the following wheat crop compared with fallow.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- tilled sorghum residuee1
- Outcome
- development of the following wheat crope1
- Direction
- delayede1
- Comparator
- fallowe3
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allelopathy of Sorghum on Wheat”
e1“Tilled sorghum residue often delayed development of the following wheat crop but did not affect grain yields”
e3“were 3.3, 2.8, and 2.3 Mg/ha in fallow”
Claim · model-written summary
Tilled sorghum residue did not affect wheat grain yields compared with fallow.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- tilled sorghum residuee1
- Outcome
- grain yieldse1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
- Comparator
- fallowe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allelopathy of Sorghum on Wheat”
e1“Tilled sorghum residue often delayed development of the following wheat crop but did not affect grain yields”
e3“were 3.3, 2.8, and 2.3 Mg/ha in fallow”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till sorghum stover had little effect on wheat stand establishment compared with fallow.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sorghum stovere2
- Outcome
- stand establishmente2
- Direction
- had little effecte2
- Comparator
- fallowe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allelopathy of Sorghum on Wheat”
e2“sorghum stover had little effect on stand establishment but frequently reduced grain yields of wheat”
e3“were 3.3, 2.8, and 2.3 Mg/ha in fallow”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till sorghum stover frequently reduced wheat grain yields compared with fallow.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sorghum stovere2
- Outcome
- grain yieldse2
- Direction
- frequently reducede2
- Comparator
- fallowe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allelopathy of Sorghum on Wheat”
e2“sorghum stover had little effect on stand establishment but frequently reduced grain yields of wheat”
e3“were 3.3, 2.8, and 2.3 Mg/ha in fallow”
Claim · model-written summary
Allelopathic compounds leaching slowly may explain the grain yield reduction under no-till sorghum stover (hypothesis).
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse2
- Qualifier
- allelopathic compounds leached slowlye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allelopathy of Sorghum on Wheat”
e2“sorghum stover had little effect on stand establishment but frequently reduced grain yields of wheat”
e4“possibly because allelopathic compounds leached slowly”
Claim · model-written summary
Allelopathic compounds degrading in soil may explain the lack of tilled sorghum residue effect on grain yields (hypothesis).
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse1
- Qualifier
- allelopathic compounds degraded in the soile5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allelopathy of Sorghum on Wheat”
e1“Tilled sorghum residue often delayed development of the following wheat crop but did not affect grain yields”
e5“probably because allelopathic compounds degraded in the soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Selection of resistant wheat cultivars is probably impractical.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- Selection of resistant wheat cultivars is probably impracticale6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allelopathy of Sorghum on Wheat”
e6“Selection of resistant wheat cultivars is probably impractical”
Claim · model-written summary
Allelopathy may be reduced by prompt tillage if soil erosion is not a concern (recommendation).
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- allelopathy might be reduced by prompt tillagee1
- Qualifier
- if erosion of soil is not a concerne2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Allelopathy of Sorghum on Wheat”
e1“allelopathy might be reduced by prompt tillage”
e2“if erosion of soil is not a concern”
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