Abstract
Abstract The resistances of the three apple cultivars ‘Boskoop’, ‘Spartan’, and ‘Golden Delicious’ were differential to the isolates Bo‐7 and Sp‐7 of Venturia inaequalis. Isolate Bo‐7 was virulent towards ‘Boskoop’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ not to ‘Spartan’, and Sp‐7 was only virulent toward ‘Spartan’, suggesting that a gene‐for‐gene relationship is working in this pathosystem. The two isolates were hybridized in order to determine the genetic basis of virulence. All theoretically possible phenotypes were found in 33 ascospore progenies from two selected strains carrying virulence towards ‘Boskoop’ and ‘Spartan’, with 14 progenies virulent towards ‘Boskoop’. 9 virulent to ‘Spartan’. and 15 virulent to ‘Golden Delicious’. Seven progeny were avirulent to all three cultivars, which is in agreement with the theoretical number of isolates with three avirulences. The segregation of virulence and avirulence among the progeny towards ‘Boskoop’. ‘Spartan’, and ‘Golden Delicious’ fit best to the hypothesis that one gene is responsible for virulence to ‘Boskoop’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ and that two genes are responsible for virulence towards ‘Spartan’, assuming that each gene segregated independently from the other genes. The two genes for virulence to ‘Spartan’ were complementary and were inherited independently. Virulence of V. inaequalis is governed by few heritable genes for each cultivar. Combinations of virulences are observed, indicating that the building‐up of complex races is possible. Zusammenfassung Vererbung der Virulenz gegenüber Apfelsorten in Venturia inaequalis Die Isolate Bo‐7 und Sp‐7 von Venturia inaequalis sind dilferentiell zu den Apefelsorten ‘Boskoop’. ‘Spartan’ und ‘Golden Delicious’. Das Isolat Bo‐7 ist virulent auf ‘Boskoop’ und ‘Golden Delicious’ und Sp‐7 ist nur virulent auf’ Spartan’. Die Nachkommenschaft von 33 Isolaten spalteten in alle theoretisch möglichen Phänotypen auf: 14 Nachkommen sind virulent auf ‘Boskoop’, 9 auf ‘Spartan’ und 15 auf ‘Golden Delicious’. Sieben Nachkommen sind avirulent auf alien drei Sorten, was mit dem errechneten Wert übereinstimmt. Die Segregationsdaten für Virulenz und Avirulenz gegenüber den drei Sorten zeigen. Daß die Virulenz gegenüber ‘Boskoop’ und ‘Golden Delicious’ von einem Gen und die Virulenz gegenüber ‘Spartan’ von zwei Genen bestimmt wird. Die Gene werden unabhängig voneinander vererbt. Die beiden Gene für die Virulenz gegenüber ‘Spartan’ sind komplementär und unabhängig vererbt. Virulenzkombinationen wurden beobachlet, was auf die Möglichkeit der Entstehung von kimplexen Rassen schliessen lässt.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Virulence of Venturia inaequalis toward apple cultivars is governed by few heritable genes for each cultivar.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Interactor
- V. inaequalis
Venturia inaequalise1pathogen - Outcome
- virulencee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The resistances of the three apple cultivars”
e1“Virulence of V. inaequalis is governed by few heritable genes for each cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Combinations of virulences toward apple cultivars are observed in progeny of V. inaequalis.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Interactor
- V. inaequalisVenturia inaequalise2pathogen
- Outcome
- combinations of virulencese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The resistances of the three apple cultivars”
e1“Combinations of virulences are observed”
e2“Virulence of V. inaequalis is governed”
Claim · model-written summary
Virulence toward Boskoop and Golden Delicious fits best a model in which one gene is responsible.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Gene
- one genee1
- Outcome
- virulencee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The resistances of the three apple cultivars”
e1“fit best to the hypothesis that one gene is responsible for virulence to”
Claim · model-written summary
Virulence toward Spartan is governed by two genes that are complementary and inherited independently.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Gene
- two genese1
- Outcome
- virulencee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The resistances of the three apple cultivars”
e1“that two genes are responsible for virulence towards”
e2“were complementary and were inherited independently”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven progeny were avirulent to all three apple cultivars.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- avirulent to all three cultivarse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The resistances of the three apple cultivars”
e1“Seven progeny were avirulent to all three cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
All theoretically possible virulence phenotypes were found among 33 ascospore progenies.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- phenotypese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The resistances of the three apple cultivars”
e1“All theoretically possible phenotypes were found in 33 ascospore progenies”