Abstract
The effects of sugars, phytohormones and amino acids were examined on the growth of excised embryos from compatible crosses in 'Oriental' hybrids (Lilium 'Casablanca' ×L. 'Stargazer') and in 'Asiatic' hybrids (L. 'Connecticut King' ×L. 'Capri'), and also from incompatible crosses of L. 'Casablanca' × L. 'Connecticut King' and L. 'Casablanca' ×(L. auratum × L. nobilissimum ). Embryos obtained from the crosses of the 'Oriental' hybrids could grow on the medium containing more than 3 % sucrose, but not on the medium containing 3 % sucrose irrespective of the addition of phytohormones and amino acids. Similary a higher concentration of sugar was necessary to culture the 'Asiatic' hybrid embryos. The optimum sucrose concentration is considered to be 6 %, since most of embryos on media containing 9 % and 12 % sucrose formed abnormal shoots or stopped growing within two or three months of the culture. When sucrose was partially replaced by mannitol, the survival rate was similar or increased. Addition of mannitol is recommended to adjust a high osmotic pressure of medium. Cytokinins and higher concentration of auxins induced abnormal growth of embryos. Amino acids did not affect growth of embryos. The plants from the cross between an 'Oriental' hybrid and an 'Asiatic' hybrid were obtained on the medium with high osmotic pressure, and these were confirmed to be hybrids by leaf morphology, isozyme analysis and chromosome observation.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Oriental hybrid embryos grew above 3% sucrose but not at 3%.
LiliumNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Embryos obtained from the crosses of the 'Oriental' hybrids could grow on the medium containing more than 3 % sucrose, but not on the medium containing 3 % sucrose irrespective of the addition of phytohormones and amino acids.”
t0“Lilium”
Claim · model-written summary
Asiatic hybrid embryos required a higher sugar concentration.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similary a higher concentration of sugar was necessary to culture the 'Asiatic' hybrid embryos.”
t0“Lilium”
Claim · model-written summary
Most embryos at 9% and 12% sucrose formed abnormal shoots or stopped growing within two or three months.
- Treatment
- 9 % and 12 % sucrosee0
- Outcome
- formed abnormal shoots or stopped growinge0
- Qualifier
- within two or three months of the culturee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most of embryos on media containing 9 % and 12 % sucrose formed abnormal shoots or stopped growing within two or three months of the culture”
t0“Lilium”
Claim · model-written summary
Partial sucrose replacement with mannitol gave similar or increased survival.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When sucrose was partially replaced by mannitol, the survival rate was similar or increased.”
t0“Lilium”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinins induced abnormal embryo growth.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cytokinins and higher concentration of auxins induced abnormal growth of embryos.”
t0“Lilium”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher auxin concentrations induced abnormal embryo growth.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cytokinins and higher concentration of auxins induced abnormal growth of embryos.”
t0“Lilium”
Claim · model-written summary
Amino acids did not affect embryo growth.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Amino acids did not affect growth of embryos.”
t0“Lilium”
Claim · model-written summary
High osmotic pressure medium yielded Oriental–Asiatic hybrid plants, confirmed by morphology, isozymes and chromosomes.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plants from the cross between an 'Oriental' hybrid and an 'Asiatic' hybrid were obtained on the medium with high osmotic pressure, and these were confirmed to be hybrids by leaf morphology, isozyme analysis and chromosome observation.”
t0“Lilium”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend mannitol to adjust medium osmotic pressure.
- Outcome
- Addition of mannitol is recommendede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of mannitol is recommended to adjust a high osmotic pressure of medium.”
t0“Lilium”
The same questions in other papers
class · growth · LiliumPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.