Paper · 1971 · Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry

Effects of urea, ammonium nitrate and superphosphate on establishment of cereals, linseed and rape

MG Mason

6
claims
11
verbatim quotes
18
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

In pots filled with a loamy sand the degree of harm caused by urea banded with the seed or topdressed on the soil surface, varied with species. The order of susceptibility to germination damage was rape> linseed > > oats > wheat > barley. In addition the emergence of rape and linseed was reduced from about 90 per cent of possible germination to around 50 per cent when superphosphate was banded with the seed. The adverse effect on wheat was greater when the seed bed was moist rather than dry and the effect was reduced when the pots were watered immediately after seeding. On the same soil in the field urea reduced emergence of wheat much more than did ammonium nitrate when both were drilled in contact with the seed.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 6

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Urea injury to germination ranked rape above linseed, oats, wheat and barley.

Treatment
ureae4
Outcome
susceptibility to germination damagee0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica napus
Brassica napus · TaxonDidier Descouens · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“cereals, linseed and rape”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–98 · show in text ↑
e0

“The order of susceptibility to germination damage was rape> linseed > > oats > wheat > barley”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 144–237 · show in text ↑
e4

“On the same soil in the field urea reduced emergence of wheat much more than did ammonium nitrate when both were drilled in contact with the seed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 577–722 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Banded superphosphate reduced rape emergence from about 90 to around 50 per cent.

Treatment
superphosphate was banded with the seede1
Outcome
emergence of rapee1
Direction
reducede1
Value
around 50 per cente1
Qualifier
about 90 per cent of possible germinatione1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica napus
Brassica napus · TaxonDidier Descouens · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“emergence of rape and linseed was reduced from about 90 per cent of possible germination to around 50 per cent when superphosphate was banded with the seed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 255–410 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Banded superphosphate reduced linseed emergence from about 90 to around 50 per cent.

Taxon
linseede1
Treatment
superphosphate was banded with the seede1
Outcome
emergence of rape and linseede1
Direction
reducede1
Value
around 50 per cente1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1

“emergence of rape and linseed was reduced from about 90 per cent of possible germination to around 50 per cent when superphosphate was banded with the seed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 255–410 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fertilizer injury to wheat was greater in moist than dry seed beds.

Treatment
moiste2
Outcome
adverse effect on wheate2
Direction
greatere2
Comparator
drye2
Setting
seed bede2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“cereals, linseed and rape”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–98 · show in text ↑
e2

“The adverse effect on wheat was greater when the seed bed was moist rather than dry”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 412–495 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Immediate watering after seeding reduced the adverse effect on wheat.

Treatment
watered immediately after seedinge3
Outcome
effecte3
Direction
reducede3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“cereals, linseed and rape”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–98 · show in text ↑
e3

“the effect was reduced when the pots were watered immediately after seeding”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 500–575 · show in text ↑
e0

“The order of susceptibility to germination damage was rape> linseed > > oats > wheat > barley”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 144–237 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Urea reduced field wheat emergence much more than ammonium nitrate when drilled with seed.

Treatment
ureae4
Outcome
emergence of wheate4
Direction
reducede4
Qualifier
drilled in contact with the seede4
Comparator
ammonium nitratee4
Setting
fielde4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e4

“On the same soil in the field urea reduced emergence of wheat much more than did ammonium nitrate when both were drilled in contact with the seed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 577–722 · show in text ↑

phosphorus · growth · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Positive and negative results

10 papers: 6 positive, 4 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

phosphorus · growth · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results

28 papers: 25 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 25 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

24 papers more in this group

See all 28 papers →

nitrogen · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

551 papers: 426 positive, 125 negative or no effect

124 papers in the same direction as this paper · 426 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

547 papers more in this group

See all 551 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.