Abstract
Corn ( Zea mays L.) planting and the first harvest of perennial forages overlap in the northeastern USA in some years. The use of glyphosate [ N ‐(phosphonomethyl)glycine]–resistant corn may help dairy producers lessen their workload during this time by allowing for a timely glyphosate application after completion of the first harvest of perennial forages. We evaluated 92 and 103‐d hybrids to determine the impact of season‐long weed interference and the optimum timing for glyphosate application on corn forage yield and quality. Season‐long weed interference vs. weed‐free corn in two competitive growing seasons reduced dry matter (DM) accumulation at silking (R1 stage) by 50 to 65%, DM yield by 70 to 75%, and calculated milk yield by 75 to 80%. Season‐long weed interference reduced milk per megagram, a forage quality index, by 10% in a dry year by preventing grain formation. Glyphosate application at the three to four leaf stage (V3–V4) vs. weed‐free corn resulted in similar DM accumulation at the R1 stage, DM content at harvest, DM yield, forage quality, and calculated milk yield in both years. Glyphosate application at the V5–V6 stage vs. weed‐free corn increased milk per megagram by 7% in the dry year, but resulted in 20 to 25% less DM yield in both years. Dairy producers in the northeastern USA should apply glyphosate by the V3–V4 stage in competitive growing conditions, regardless of hybrid maturity, which may overlap with the first harvest of perennial forages in some years.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Season-long weed interference reduced corn dry matter accumulation at silking by 50 to 65%.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- Season‐long weed interferencee0
- Outcome
- dry matter (DM) accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 50 to 65%e0
- Comparator
- weed‐free corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Season‐long weed interference vs. weed‐free corn in two competitive growing seasons reduced dry matter (DM) accumulation at silking (R1 stage) by 50 to 65%”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Season-long weeds reduced corn DM yield by 70 to 75%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Season‐long weed interferencee0
- Outcome
- DM yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 70 to 75%e0
- Comparator
- weed‐free corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Season‐long weed interference vs. weed‐free corn in two competitive growing seasons reduced dry matter (DM) accumulation at silking (R1 stage) by 50 to 65%, DM yield by 70 to 75%”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Season-long weeds reduced calculated corn milk yield by 75 to 80%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Season‐long weed interferencee0
- Outcome
- calculated milk yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 75 to 80%e0
- Comparator
- weed‐free corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Season‐long weed interference vs. weed‐free corn in two competitive growing seasons reduced dry matter (DM) accumulation at silking (R1 stage) by 50 to 65%, DM yield by 70 to 75%, and calculated milk yield by 75 to 80%”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Season-long weeds reduced corn milk per megagram by 10% in a dry year.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Season‐long weed interferencee0
- Outcome
- milk per megagrame0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 10%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Season‐long weed interference reduced milk per megagram, a forage quality index, by 10% in a dry year by preventing grain formation”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at V3–V4 yielded similar corn DM accumulation, DM content, yield, forage quality and milk yield to weed-free corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate application at the three to four leaf stage (V3–V4)e0
- Outcome
- DM accumulation at the R1 stage, DM content at harvest, DM yield, forage quality, and calculated milk yielde0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- weed‐free corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate application at the three to four leaf stage (V3–V4) vs. weed‐free corn resulted in similar DM accumulation at the R1 stage, DM content at harvest, DM yield, forage quality, and calculated milk yield in both years”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at V5–V6 increased corn milk per megagram by 7% in the dry year.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate application at the V5–V6 stagee0
- Outcome
- milk per megagrame0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7%e0
- Comparator
- weed‐free corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate application at the V5–V6 stage vs. weed‐free corn increased milk per megagram by 7% in the dry year”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate at V5–V6 reduced corn DM yield by 20 to 25% in both years.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate application at the V5–V6 stagee0
- Outcome
- DM yielde0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 20 to 25%e0
- Comparator
- weed‐free corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate application at the V5–V6 stage vs. weed‐free corn increased milk per megagram by 7% in the dry year, but resulted in 20 to 25% less DM yield in both years”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advise glyphosate application by V3–V4 in competitive northeastern USA growing conditions.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- apply glyphosate by the V3–V4 stagee0
- Setting
- northeastern USAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dairy producers in the northeastern USA should apply glyphosate by the V3–V4 stage in competitive growing conditions, regardless of hybrid maturity”
t0“Corn”
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