Abstract
Changes in bud moisture content were studied in northern Wisconsin during 1963, from mid-April until bud opening, in Betula papyrifera Marsh., Acer saccharum Marsh., Tilia americana L., Quercus rubra L., Pinus strobus L., Pinus resinosa Ait., and Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Changes in leaf moisture contents and leaf dry weights were studied throughout the 1963 growing season for the above species and for Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. In gymnosperms zero-age (current) needles and 1-year-old needles were studied separately. A similar study of changes in moisture content and dry weight of leaves of Quercus ellipsoidalis Hill was performed in the greenhouse. Moisture contents (% dry weight) of buds of angiosperms and gymnosperms increased progressively from early May until buds opened. The increase in moisture content was traceable primarily to rapid translocation of moisture into the buds. Moisture contents of angiosperm leaves decreased rapidly in the early part of the growing season and slowly after midsummer. The seasonal decrease was traceable primarily to greater increase in leaf dry weight than to decrease in actual water content. In fact, early in the season moisture content, as % dry weight, decreased rapidly while the actual amount of water in the expanding leaves increased. The rate of increase in leaf dry weight exceeded the rate of water uptake for the same period. In most angiosperms the actual amount of water in the foliage changed little from mid-June to the end of the season. The seasonal trend in moisture content of gymnosperm leaves varied with age. In current-year needles the moisture content declined progressively, while in 1-year-old needles it increased at first and then tended to level off. These differences were caused largely by dry weight changes resulting from rapid carbohydrate translocation into current-year needles and some translocation out of the older needles. These experiments emphasized that changes in moisture content (% oven-dry weight) often occur without appreciable changes in actual water content of tissues.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Bud moisture content increased until bud opening in angiosperms and gymnosperms.
Verbatim
e0“Moisture contents (% dry weight) of buds of angiosperms and gymnosperms increased progressively from early May until buds opened”
Claim · model-written summary
Rapid moisture translocation into buds primarily accounted for the moisture content increase.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in moisture content was traceable primarily to rapid translocation of moisture into the buds”
t0“Forest Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Angiosperm leaf moisture content decreased rapidly early in the season and slowly after midsummer.
Verbatim
e0“Moisture contents of angiosperm leaves decreased rapidly in the early part of the growing season and slowly after midsummer”
Claim · model-written summary
The seasonal leaf moisture decline was primarily due to dry weight rising faster than actual water content fell.
Verbatim
e0“The seasonal decrease was traceable primarily to greater increase in leaf dry weight than to decrease in actual water content”
t0“Forest Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Actual water in expanding leaves increased while percent dry weight moisture decreased early in the season.
Verbatim
e0“early in the season moisture content, as % dry weight, decreased rapidly while the actual amount of water in the expanding leaves increased”
t0“Forest Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf dry weight increased faster than water uptake during the same period.
Verbatim
e0“The rate of increase in leaf dry weight exceeded the rate of water uptake for the same period”
t0“Forest Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliage water amount changed little after mid June in most angiosperms.
Verbatim
e0“In most angiosperms the actual amount of water in the foliage changed little from mid-June to the end of the season”
Claim · model-written summary
Current year needle moisture declined progressively.
Verbatim
e0“In current-year needles the moisture content declined progressively”
t0“Forest Trees”
e1“Moisture contents (% dry weight) of buds of angiosperms and gymnosperms increased progressively from early May until buds opened”
Claim · model-written summary
One year old needle moisture first increased and then leveled off.
Verbatim
e0“in 1-year-old needles it increased at first and then tended to level off”
t0“Forest Trees”
e1“Moisture contents (% dry weight) of buds of angiosperms and gymnosperms increased progressively from early May until buds opened”
Claim · model-written summary
Needle age differences largely reflected dry weight changes from carbohydrate translocation.
Verbatim
e0“These differences were caused largely by dry weight changes resulting from rapid carbohydrate translocation into current-year needles and some translocation out of the older needles”
t0“Forest Trees”