Abstract
We compared growth and the content of sugar, protein, and photosynthetic pigments, as well as chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in 15- and 27-day-old Chinese cabbage ( Brassica chinensis L.) plants grown under a high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps or a light source built on the basis of red (650 nm) and blue (470 nm) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a red to blue photon ratio of 7: 1. One group of plants was grown at a photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) level of 391 ± 24 μ mol/(m 2 s) (normal level); the other, at a PPF level of 107 ± 9 μ mol/(m 2 s) (low light). Plants of the third group were firstly grown at the low light and then (on the 12th day) transferred to the normal level. When grown at the normal PPF level, the plants grown under LEDs didn’t differ from plants grown under HPS lamps in shoot fresh weight, but they showed a lower root fresh and dry weights and the lower content of total sugar and sugar reserves in the leaves. No differences in the pigment content and photosystem II quantum yield were found; however, a higher Chl a/b ratio in plants grown under LEDs indicates a different proportion of functional complexes in thylakoid membranes. The response to low light conditions was mostly the same in plants grown under HPS lamps and LEDs; however, LED plants showed a lower growth rate and a higher nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching. In the case of the altered PPF level during growth, the plant photosynthetic apparatus adapted to new conditions of illumination within three days. Plants grown under HPS lamps at a constant normal PPF level and those transferred to the normal PPF level on the 12th day, on the 27th day didn’t differ in shoot fresh weight, but in plants grown under LEDs, the differences were considerable. Our results show that LED-based light sources can be used for plant growing. At the same time, some specific properties of plant photosynthesis and growth under these conditions of illumination were found.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
At normal PPF, shoot fresh weight was similar under LEDs and HPS lamps.
Verbatim
e0“the plants grown under LEDs didn’t differ from plants grown under HPS lamps in shoot fresh weight”
Claim · model-written summary
At normal PPF, LED plants had lower root fresh and dry weights.
Verbatim
e0“the plants grown under LEDs didn’t differ from plants grown under HPS lamps in shoot fresh weight, but they showed a lower root fresh and dry weights”
Claim · model-written summary
At normal PPF, LED plants had lower leaf total sugar and sugar reserves.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Outcome
- content of total sugar and sugar reserves in the leavese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- HPS lampse0
Not reportedTreatment
Verbatim
e0“plants grown under HPS lamps in shoot fresh weight, but they showed a lower root fresh and dry weights and the lower content of total sugar and sugar reserves in the leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Pigment content and photosystem II quantum yield did not differ between light sources.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbage
Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0 - Outcome
- pigment content and photosystem II quantum yielde0
- Direction
- No differencese0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No differences in the pigment content and photosystem II quantum yield were found”
t0“Chinese cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
LED plants had a higher chlorophyll a/b ratio.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- LEDse0
- Outcome
- Chl a/b ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“a higher Chl a/b ratio in plants grown under LEDs”
Claim · model-written summary
Under low light, LED plants had a lower growth rate.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- LEDe0
- Outcome
- growth ratee0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“LED plants showed a lower growth rate and a higher nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching”
Claim · model-written summary
Under low light, LED plants had higher nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- LEDe0
- Outcome
- nonphotochemical fluorescence quenchinge0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“LED plants showed a lower growth rate and a higher nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic apparatus adapted to altered PPF within three days.
Verbatim
e0“the plant photosynthetic apparatus adapted to new conditions of illumination within three days”
Claim · model-written summary
Under HPS lamps, constant normal PPF and transfer to normal PPF produced similar shoot fresh weight on day 27.
Verbatim
e0“Plants grown under HPS lamps at a constant normal PPF level and those transferred to the normal PPF level on the 12th day, on the 27th day didn’t differ in shoot fresh weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Under LEDs, the PPF schedules gave considerably different shoot fresh weight.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- transferred to the normal PPF level on the 12th daye0
- Outcome
- shoot fresh weighte0
- Comparator
- constant normal PPF levele0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Plants grown under HPS lamps at a constant normal PPF level and those transferred to the normal PPF level on the 12th day, on the 27th day didn’t differ in shoot fresh weight, but in plants grown under LEDs, the differences were considerable”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude LED light sources can be used for plant growing.
Verbatim
e0“LED-based light sources can be used for plant growing”
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