Abstract
Studies of the water relations of cotton, peanuts, and grain sorghum were made at Katherine, N.T., on crops grown under natural rainfall during the 1952-53 rainfall season. In the early part of this season, rainfall was more or less normal and little evidence of stress was seen in the plants. The latter part, however, was abnormally dry and resulted in the appearance of severe water stress symptoms in all crops. The water balance of the plants through the season was followed using Weatherley's (1950) "relative turgidity" technique of leaf turgor measurement. In each crop the relative turgidity level was maintained at a fairly high level until the onset of dry conditions, when a progressive decline commenced. This decline, although continuous, appeared to be in two stages. It was felt that the lag of absorption behind transpiration which resulted in loss of turgor was initially due to the rapid rise in transpiration, which followed the increase in atmospheric aridity with the onset of the dry period. As atmospheric conditions became more static, the continued decline in turgor was attributed primarily to the influence of soil moisture stress, in limiting absorption. Of the three crops, grain sorghum appeared to have the best-developed root system and also the most effective internal control over transpiration. Cotton appeared to be least well equipped in these respects. These features were reflected in generally higher turgor levels in grain sorghum than in other crops, and in a slower rate of decrease in turgor with the onset of dry weather. This decrease was particularly rapid in cotton. This relative resistance to turgor loss was in turn reflected in growth rate reductions in cotton as soon as soil moisture stress appeared, but not in grain sorghum until severe soil moisture stress was evident. The peanut responses throughout appeared intermediate between those of the other two crops.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton developed severe water stress symptoms during the abnormally dry late season.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume1 - Outcome
- severe water stress symptomse0
- Setting
- Katherine, N.T.e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The latter part, however, was abnormally dry and resulted in the appearance of severe water stress symptoms in all crops.”
e1“Studies of the water relations of cotton, peanuts, and grain sorghum were made at Katherine, N.T.”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanuts developed severe water stress symptoms during the abnormally dry late season.
- Taxon
- peanuts
Arachis hypogaeae1 - Outcome
- severe water stress symptomse0
- Setting
- Katherine, N.T.e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The latter part, however, was abnormally dry and resulted in the appearance of severe water stress symptoms in all crops.”
e1“Studies of the water relations of cotton, peanuts, and grain sorghum were made at Katherine, N.T.”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain sorghum developed severe water stress symptoms during the abnormally dry late season.
- Taxon
- grain sorghum
Sorghum bicolore1 - Outcome
- severe water stress symptomse0
- Setting
- Katherine, N.T.e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The latter part, however, was abnormally dry and resulted in the appearance of severe water stress symptoms in all crops.”
e1“Studies of the water relations of cotton, peanuts, and grain sorghum were made at Katherine, N.T.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton turgidity remained high until dry conditions caused a progressive, apparently two-stage decline.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Outcome
- relative turgidity levele0
- Direction
- declinee0
- Qualifier
- appeared to be in two stagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In each crop the relative turgidity level was maintained at a fairly high level until the onset of dry conditions, when a progressive decline commenced. This decline, although continuous, appeared to be in two stages.”
e1“cotton, peanuts, and grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut turgidity remained high until dry conditions caused a progressive, apparently two-stage decline.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeae1
- Outcome
- relative turgidity levele0
- Direction
- declinee0
- Qualifier
- appeared to be in two stagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In each crop the relative turgidity level was maintained at a fairly high level until the onset of dry conditions, when a progressive decline commenced. This decline, although continuous, appeared to be in two stages.”
e1“cotton, peanuts, and grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum turgidity remained high until dry conditions caused a progressive, apparently two-stage decline.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolore1
- Outcome
- relative turgidity levele0
- Direction
- declinee0
- Qualifier
- appeared to be in two stagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In each crop the relative turgidity level was maintained at a fairly high level until the onset of dry conditions, when a progressive decline commenced. This decline, although continuous, appeared to be in two stages.”
e1“cotton, peanuts, and grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed initial cotton turgor loss to transpiration rising faster than absorption under atmospheric aridity.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Outcome
- loss of turgore0
- Qualifier
- lag of absorption behind transpiratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was felt that the lag of absorption behind transpiration which resulted in loss of turgor was initially due to the rapid rise in transpiration, which followed the increase in atmospheric aridity with the onset of the dry period.”
e1“cotton, peanuts, and grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed initial peanut turgor loss to transpiration rising faster than absorption under atmospheric aridity.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeae1
- Outcome
- loss of turgore0
- Qualifier
- lag of absorption behind transpiratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was felt that the lag of absorption behind transpiration which resulted in loss of turgor was initially due to the rapid rise in transpiration, which followed the increase in atmospheric aridity with the onset of the dry period.”
e1“cotton, peanuts, and grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed initial sorghum turgor loss to transpiration rising faster than absorption under atmospheric aridity.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolore1
- Outcome
- loss of turgore0
- Qualifier
- lag of absorption behind transpiratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was felt that the lag of absorption behind transpiration which resulted in loss of turgor was initially due to the rapid rise in transpiration, which followed the increase in atmospheric aridity with the onset of the dry period.”
e1“cotton, peanuts, and grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Continued cotton turgor decline was attributed to soil moisture stress limiting absorption.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Outcome
- decline in turgore0
- Qualifier
- soil moisture stress, in limiting absorptione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As atmospheric conditions became more static, the continued decline in turgor was attributed primarily to the influence of soil moisture stress, in limiting absorption.”
e1“cotton, peanuts, and grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Continued peanut turgor decline was attributed to soil moisture stress limiting absorption.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeae1
- Outcome
- decline in turgore0
- Qualifier
- soil moisture stress, in limiting absorptione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As atmospheric conditions became more static, the continued decline in turgor was attributed primarily to the influence of soil moisture stress, in limiting absorption.”
e1“cotton, peanuts, and grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Continued sorghum turgor decline was attributed to soil moisture stress limiting absorption.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolore1
- Outcome
- decline in turgore0
- Qualifier
- soil moisture stress, in limiting absorptione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As atmospheric conditions became more static, the continued decline in turgor was attributed primarily to the influence of soil moisture stress, in limiting absorption.”
e1“cotton, peanuts, and grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum appeared to have the best-developed roots and strongest internal transpiration control.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolore0
- Outcome
- best-developed root system and also the most effective internal control over transpiratione0
- Qualifier
- appearede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Of the three crops, grain sorghum appeared to have the best-developed root system and also the most effective internal control over transpiration.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton appeared least equipped in root development and transpiration control.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- root systeme1
- Direction
- least well equippede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton appeared to be least well equipped in these respects.”
e1“best-developed root system and also the most effective internal control over transpiration”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum maintained higher turgor than other crops and lost turgor more slowly with dry weather.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolore0
- Outcome
- turgor levelse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- a slower rate of decrease in turgore0
- Comparator
- other cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These features were reflected in generally higher turgor levels in grain sorghum than in other crops, and in a slower rate of decrease in turgor with the onset of dry weather.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton turgor decreased particularly rapidly.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- turgore1
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- particularly rapide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This decrease was particularly rapid in cotton.”
e1“a slower rate of decrease in turgor”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton growth rate fell as soon as soil moisture stress appeared.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- growth ratee0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Qualifier
- as soon as soil moisture stress appearede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This relative resistance to turgor loss was in turn reflected in growth rate reductions in cotton as soon as soil moisture stress appeared, but not in grain sorghum until severe soil moisture stress was evident.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum growth rate did not decline until soil moisture stress was severe.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolore0
- Outcome
- growth ratee0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Qualifier
- until severe soil moisture stress was evidente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This relative resistance to turgor loss was in turn reflected in growth rate reductions in cotton as soon as soil moisture stress appeared, but not in grain sorghum until severe soil moisture stress was evident.”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut responses were intermediate between cotton and sorghum.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- responsese0
- Direction
- intermediatee0
- Comparator
- the other two cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The peanut responses throughout appeared intermediate between those of the other two crops.”