Abstract
The development of spatially variable irrigation requirements under conventional uniform irrigation managementmeans that optimum irrigation scheduling on the field scale is not achievable, resulting in less than maximum water andnutrient use efficiency. Research and development of site-specific irrigation management technology to address this issuebegan over a decade ago. However, development of an integrated distributed control and data acquisition to meet the uniquerequirements of site-specific irrigation management has received little attention. A conceptual model for closed-loopsite-specific irrigation with center pivot irrigation systems is presented. A distributed control and data acquisition (DCADA)system to implement the conceptual model was constructed and field tested. The DCADA system uses network nodes mountedon the center pivot lateral and stationary network nodes located in the field to allow a master control computer to vary waterapplication rate along the system lateral based on near-real time measurements of soil water status. Power line carrier andradio frequency communication media are combined to link the system mounted controls and in-field sensors as a singledistributed network. The DCADA system was installed on a 4-span, 191-m (628-ft) center pivot irrigation system and used to imposesite-specific and conventional uniform irrigation treatments to a potato crop in one 2.9-ha (7.1-acre) quadrant of the field.Field average seasonal water application was essentially equal under both irrigation management treatments, but waterapplication under site-specific irrigation management varied from 86 to 119% of conventional uniform irrigationmanagement. Total tuber yield averaged across the field site was significantly (P . 0.10) greater by approximately 4% undersite-specific irrigation management. Tuber yield per unit of applied irrigation water was greater by approximately 5% undersite-specific irrigation management. The DCADA system provided an effective means to implement site-specific irrigationmanagement with a center pivot system using near real-time soil water monitoring.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Field average seasonal water application was essentially equal under site-specific and conventional uniform irrigation management.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume6 - Treatment
- site-specific irrigation managemente2
- Outcome
- Field average seasonal water applicatione1
- Direction
- essentially equale1
- Comparator
- conventional uniforme2
- Setting
- one 2.9-ha (7.1-acre) quadrant of the fielde6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field average seasonal water application was essentially equal under both irrigation management treatments”
e2“under site-specific irrigation management varied from 86 to 119% of conventional uniform”
e6“to a potato crop in one 2.9-ha (7.1-acre) quadrant of the field”
Claim · model-written summary
Water application under site-specific irrigation management varied from 86 to 119% of conventional uniform irrigation management.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume6
- Treatment
- site-specific irrigation managemente2
- Outcome
- water applicatione1
- Value
- 86 to 119%e2
- Comparator
- conventional uniforme2
- Setting
- one 2.9-ha (7.1-acre) quadrant of the fielde6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Field average seasonal water application was essentially equal under both irrigation management treatments”
e2“under site-specific irrigation management varied from 86 to 119% of conventional uniform”
e6“to a potato crop in one 2.9-ha (7.1-acre) quadrant of the field”
Claim · model-written summary
Total tuber yield under site-specific irrigation management was significantly greater by approximately 4% than under conventional uniform management.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume6
- Treatment
- site-specific irrigation managemente2
- Outcome
- Total tuber yielde3
- Direction
- greatere3
- Value
- approximately 4%e3
- Qualifier
- P . 0.10e3
- Comparator
- conventional uniforme2
- Setting
- one 2.9-ha (7.1-acre) quadrant of the fielde6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Total tuber yield averaged across the field site was significantly (P . 0.10) greater by approximately 4%”
e2“under site-specific irrigation management varied from 86 to 119% of conventional uniform”
e6“to a potato crop in one 2.9-ha (7.1-acre) quadrant of the field”
Claim · model-written summary
Tuber yield per unit of applied irrigation water under site-specific irrigation management was greater by approximately 5% than under conventional uniform management.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume6
- Treatment
- site-specific irrigation managemente2
- Outcome
- Tuber yield per unit of applied irrigation watere4
- Direction
- greatere4
- Value
- approximately 5%e4
- Comparator
- conventional uniforme2
- Setting
- one 2.9-ha (7.1-acre) quadrant of the fielde6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Tuber yield per unit of applied irrigation water was greater by approximately 5%”
e2“under site-specific irrigation management varied from 86 to 119% of conventional uniform”
e6“to a potato crop in one 2.9-ha (7.1-acre) quadrant of the field”
Claim · model-written summary
The distributed control and data acquisition system provided an effective means to implement site-specific irrigation management on a center pivot.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume6
- Outcome
- effective means to implement site-specifice5
- Comparator
- conventional uniforme2
- Setting
- one 2.9-ha (7.1-acre) quadrant of the fielde6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The DCADA system provided an effective means to implement site-specific”
e2“under site-specific irrigation management varied from 86 to 119% of conventional uniform”
e6“to a potato crop in one 2.9-ha (7.1-acre) quadrant of the field”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.