Abstract
Application of exogenous cytokinin N 6 ‐benzylaminopurine (BAP) to flowers at anthesis increases pod set but not grain yield in lupins ( Lupinus angustifolius L). This study aimed to examine whether supplemental nitrogen supply could enhance the fulfilment of enlarged sink capacity induced by BAP application and thus increase seed yield. An abscission‐minus lupin mutant (cv. Danja) was grown in pots under glasshouse conditions. Application of BAP to all flowers produced more pods on the main stem, but not on the lateral branches, with four to 13 more total pods set on the BAP‐treated plants than on the control plants. When BAP was applied to main stem flowers only, the number of pods on the main stem increased from four to 18, but pods on the lateral branches decreased from 19 to 11. In contrast, when BAP was applied to lateral flowers only, the number of pods on the lateral branches increased. However, the increase in pod set induced by BAP caused a decrease in the number of seeds per pod and average seed weight, and as a consequence, plant seed yield was not affected by BAP. Urea fertilizer caused much more shoot N accumulation than did symbiotic N 2 fixation, but this shoot N enrichment did not result in an increase in seed yield or seed N content. These findings indicate that there is a limit to grain yield and N harvest index in lupins. Although exogenous application of cytokinin can increase sink strength and cause a redistribution of yield components between the main stem and lateral branches, it did not increase the grain yield of the whole plant under these experimental conditions.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
BAP applied to all flowers increased main stem pod number.
- Treatment
- Application of BAP to all flowerse0
- Outcome
- pods on the main steme0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
LupinusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of BAP to all flowers produced more pods on the main stem, but not on the lateral branches, with four to 13 more total pods set on the BAP‐treated plants than on the control plants”
t0“Narrow‐Leafed Lupins”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP applied to all flowers did not increase lateral branch pod number.
- Treatment
- Application of BAP to all flowerse0
- Outcome
- lateral branchese0
- Direction
- note0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of BAP to all flowers produced more pods on the main stem, but not on the lateral branches, with four to 13 more total pods set on the BAP‐treated plants than on the control plants”
t0“Narrow‐Leafed Lupins”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP applied to all flowers increased total pod set by four to 13 pods.
- Treatment
- BAP‐treated plantse0
- Outcome
- total pods sete0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- four to 13e0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with four to 13 more total pods set on the BAP‐treated plants than on the control plants”
t0“Narrow‐Leafed Lupins”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP applied to main stem flowers increased main stem pod number from four to 18.
- Treatment
- BAP was applied to main stem flowers onlye0
- Outcome
- number of pods on the main steme0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- four to 18e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When BAP was applied to main stem flowers only, the number of pods on the main stem increased from four to 18”
t0“Narrow‐Leafed Lupins”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP applied to main stem flowers reduced lateral branch pod number from 19 to 11.
- Treatment
- BAP was applied to main stem flowers onlye0
- Outcome
- pods on the lateral branchese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 19 to 11e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When BAP was applied to main stem flowers only, the number of pods on the main stem increased from four to 18, but pods on the lateral branches decreased from 19 to 11”
t0“Narrow‐Leafed Lupins”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP applied to lateral flowers increased lateral branch pod number.
- Treatment
- BAP was applied to lateral flowers onlye0
- Outcome
- number of pods on the lateral branchese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when BAP was applied to lateral flowers only, the number of pods on the lateral branches increased”
t0“Narrow‐Leafed Lupins”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP-induced pod set reduced seeds per pod and average seed weight.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increase in pod set induced by BAP caused a decrease in the number of seeds per pod and average seed weight”
t0“Narrow‐Leafed Lupins”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP did not affect plant seed yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant seed yield was not affected by BAP”
t0“Narrow‐Leafed Lupins”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea fertilizer caused greater shoot nitrogen accumulation than symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
- Treatment
- Urea fertilizere0
- Outcome
- shoot N accumulatione0
- Direction
- much moree0
- Comparator
- symbiotic N 2 fixatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Urea fertilizer caused much more shoot N accumulation than did symbiotic N 2 fixation”
t0“Narrow‐Leafed Lupins”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea-induced shoot nitrogen enrichment did not increase seed yield or seed nitrogen content.
- Treatment
- shoot N enrichmente0
- Outcome
- seed yield or seed N contente0
- Direction
- did not result in an increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this shoot N enrichment did not result in an increase in seed yield or seed N content”
t0“Narrow‐Leafed Lupins”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · nutrient: content · LupinusPositive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.