Abstract
Tillage and N management can have great impact on crop yield and off-site transport of nitrate-nitrogen(NO 3 -N). This six-year field study on tile-drained Clyde-Kenyon-Floyd soils in northeast Iowa was conducted to quantifycorn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) yield and residual soil NO 3 -N. Eight treatments (chisel plow vsno-tillage by preplant versus late-spring N-management for both corn and soybean phases of a rotation) were evaluatedusing a randomized complete block design. Preplant N was applied by injecting liquid urea-ammonium nitrate solution(UAN) at a rate of 110 kg N ha 1 . Late-spring soil-test based N-rates averaged 179 and 156 kg N ha 1 for no-till andchisel treatments, respectively. No additional N was applied to soybean. Average corn yield on chisel plots wassignificantly (P = 0.05) higher than with no-tillage for both preplant (7.9 vs 6.9 Mg ha 1 ) and late-spring (8.6 vs 8.1 Mgha 1 ) N-management. Average soybean yield where corn had received preplant N (3.6 Mg ha 1 ) was significantly (P =0.05) greater than where late-spring N-management (3.4 Mg ha 1 ) was used. Residual tillage effects did not significantly(P = 0.05) affect soybean yield. The average residual soil NO 3 -N to a depth of 1.2 m following corn was significantly(P = 0.05) lower for preplant (21 kg N ha 1 ) than late spring (29 kg N ha 1 ) N-management under no-till system,presumably reflecting differences in N application rates. Residual soil NO 3 -N following soybean was significantly(P = 0.05) lower in no-till (28 kg N ha 1 ) than chisel (37 kg N ha 1 ) plots. Average over-winter changes in residual soilNO 3 -N were greatest in corn plots previously fertilized with a single preplant application (+13 to 18 kg N ha 1 ) and mostvariable following soybean in plots where corn was fertilized based on late-spring nitrate test (LSNT) values (-8.5 to+6.3 kg N ha 1 ). Therefore development of efficient N-management strategies may require complete understanding ofN-cycling processes taking place in the soil profile over winter months. The results of the study demonstrate that chiselplow increased corn yield with late-spring N-management and with preplant N when compared to no-till system.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
With preplant N-management, corn yield was significantly higher on chisel plots than with no-tillage (7.9 vs 6.9 Mg ha-1).
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- chisel plotse0
- Outcome
- corn yielde0
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 7.9 vs 6.9 Mg ha 1e1
- Qualifier
- preplante1
- Comparator
- no-tillagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average corn yield on chisel plots”
e1“higher than with no-tillage for both preplant (7.9 vs 6.9 Mg ha 1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
With late-spring N-management, corn yield was significantly higher on chisel plots than with no-tillage (8.6 vs 8.1 Mg ha-1).
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- chisel plotse0
- Outcome
- corn yielde0
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 8.6 vs 8.1 Mgha 1e2
- Qualifier
- late-springe2
- Comparator
- no-tillagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average corn yield on chisel plots”
e1“higher than with no-tillage for both preplant”
e2“late-spring (8.6 vs 8.1 Mgha 1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yield was significantly greater where corn had received preplant N (3.6 Mg ha-1) than with late-spring N-management (3.4 Mg ha-1).
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- preplant Ne0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 3.6 Mg ha 1e0
- Qualifier
- 3.4 Mg ha 1e1
- Comparator
- late-spring N-managemente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average soybean yield where corn had received preplant N (3.6 Mg ha 1 )”
e1“greater than where late-spring N-management (3.4 Mg ha 1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual tillage effects did not significantly affect soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Residual tillagee0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde1
- Direction
- did not significantlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Residual tillage effects did not significantly”
e1“affect soybean yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Under no-till, residual soil NO3-N to 1.2 m following corn was significantly lower with preplant N-management (21 kg N ha-1) than late-spring N-management (29 kg N ha-1).
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- preplante1
- Outcome
- residual soil NO 3 -Ne0
- Direction
- lowere1
- Value
- 21 kg N ha 1e1
- Qualifier
- 29 kg N ha 1e2
- Comparator
- late springe2
- Setting
- no-till systeme2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“residual soil NO 3 -N to a depth of 1.2 m following corn”
e1“lower for preplant (21 kg N ha 1 )”
e2“than late spring (29 kg N ha 1 ) N-management under no-till system”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual soil NO3-N following soybean was significantly lower in no-till (28 kg N ha-1) than in chisel plots (37 kg N ha-1).
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- no-tille1
- Outcome
- Residual soil NO 3 -Ne0
- Direction
- lowere1
- Value
- 28 kg N ha 1e1
- Qualifier
- 37 kg N ha 1e1
- Comparator
- chisele1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Residual soil NO 3 -N following soybean”
e1“lower in no-till (28 kg N ha 1 ) than chisel (37 kg N ha 1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Over-winter changes in residual soil NO3-N were greatest in corn plots previously fertilized with a single preplant application (+13 to 18 kg N ha-1).
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Outcome
- over-winter changese0
- Value
- +13 to 18 kg N ha 1e1
- Qualifier
- greateste1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average over-winter changes”
e1“greatest in corn plots previously fertilized with a single preplant application (+13 to 18 kg N ha 1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Over-winter changes in residual soil NO3-N were most variable (-8.5 to +6.3 kg N ha-1) following soybean in plots where corn was fertilized based on the late-spring nitrate test.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- variable following soybeane0
- Value
- -8.5 to+6.3 kg N ha 1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“variable following soybean in plots where corn was fertilized based on late-spring nitrate test (LSNT) values”
e1“(-8.5 to+6.3 kg N ha 1 )”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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