Abstract
SUMMARY A Nigerian, long-season, sorghum produced 15 tons of dry matter/acre in about 155 days, but the grain yield was small (2000 lb/acre or 2242 kg/ha) because only part of the dry matter formed after heading went into the grain. In contrast, an American, short-season hybrid which formed only from one-half to one-third as much dry weight as Farafara, gave over 4000 lb of grain/acre (4484 kg/ha) in 100 days. A Nigerian sorghum of intermediate height and a long-season hybrid, produced by crosses between Nigerian varieties and an American, short-season sorghum, gave larger yields than the tall variety because they formed more heads/unit area and more grains/head. Crop growth rates of the three long-season sorghums sown in June increased to a peak in July, but declined sharply to very small values in September, and then increased again very rapidly at the end of September as heads emerged. The most important factors causing the decline were a decrease in radiation and a loss in dry weight from decay and detachment of dead leaves. An increase in radiation at the end of September and developmental changes associated with head emergence contributed to the increase in growth rates just before heading. A large proportion of the dry weight formed after heading in Farafara accumulated in the stem but a smaller proportion in the other long-season variety and the longseason hybrid. There was an inverse relationship between the increase in stem weight and the yield of grain. For large grain yields, sorghums are needed that will produce heads with sufficient grains to accommodate all the assimilate that the leaves produce at the end of the rains when crop growth rates are increasing.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The Nigerian long-season sorghum produced 15 tons dry matter per acre in about 155 days.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A Nigerian, long-season, sorghum produced 15 tons of dry matter/acre in about 155 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Its grain yield was 2000 lb/acre.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghum”
e0“the grain yield was small (2000 lb/acre or 2242 kg/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
The American short-season hybrid formed one-half to one-third as much dry weight as Farafara.
- Material
- American, short-season hybride0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- one-half to one-thirde0
- Value
- one-half to one-thirde0
- Comparator
- Farafarae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghums”
e0“an American, short-season hybrid which formed only from one-half to one-third as much dry weight as Farafara”
Claim · model-written summary
The American short-season hybrid yielded over 4000 lb grain per acre in 100 days.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghums”
e0“gave over 4000 lb of grain/acre (4484 kg/ha) in 100 days”
Claim · model-written summary
The intermediate Nigerian sorghum and long-season hybrid yielded more than the tall variety.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A Nigerian sorghum of intermediate height and a long-season hybrid, produced by crosses between Nigerian varieties and an American, short-season sorghum, gave larger yields than the tall variety because they formed more heads/unit area and more grains/head”
Claim · model-written summary
Long-season sorghum growth rates peaked in July, fell in September and rose at head emergence.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghums”
e0“Crop growth rates of the three long-season sorghums sown in June increased to a peak in July, but declined sharply to very small values in September, and then increased again very rapidly at the end of September as heads emerged”
Claim · model-written summary
The September growth-rate decline was attributed to reduced radiation and dead-leaf dry-weight loss.
- Outcome
- declinee0
- Qualifier
- a decrease in radiation and a loss in dry weight from decay and detachment of dead leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghums”
e0“The most important factors causing the decline were a decrease in radiation and a loss in dry weight from decay and detachment of dead leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased radiation and head emergence contributed to higher growth rates before heading.
- Outcome
- increase in growth ratese0
- Qualifier
- An increase in radiation at the end of September and developmental changes associated with head emergencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghums”
e0“An increase in radiation at the end of September and developmental changes associated with head emergence contributed to the increase in growth rates just before heading”
Claim · model-written summary
Farafara accumulated a larger share of post-heading dry weight in stems than the other long-season materials.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghums”
e0“A large proportion of the dry weight formed after heading in Farafara accumulated in the stem but a smaller proportion in the other long-season variety and the longseason hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem weight gain was inversely related to grain yield.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sorghums”
e0“There was an inverse relationship between the increase in stem weight and the yield of grain”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend heads with sufficient grains to accommodate late-season assimilate for high yield.
- Outcome
- heads with sufficient grainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For large grain yields, sorghums are needed that will produce heads with sufficient grains to accommodate all the assimilate that the leaves produce at the end of the rains when crop growth rates are increasing”