Abstract
Abstract Crops grown on sand and gravel spoil areas are subject to temperature, moisture, and nutrient stresses due to the infertile, acidic, and coarse-textured properties of the spoil material. Additions of organic materials such as feedlot manure and sewage sludge compost applied at rates of 40, 80, and 160 Mg/ha were found to improve these spoil areas by providing (1) a more favorable pH for seedling germination and root development, (2) essential crop nutrients, and (3) a greatly increased water content of the spoils in the treated plots compared to fertilized controls. The manure-treated spoil plots had a higher water content than either the compost-treated spoils or the limed and fertilized control plots. In a drought year when the wastes were reapplied, both grain and stalk yields of sweet corn were highest for the manure-treated plots. The low heavy metal content makes these organic materials safe for use as soil conditioners. In addition, uptake and accumulation of toxic metals by sweet corn is generally less than other crops. The interaction between the kind and rate of organic amendment applied, the amount of rainfall in any given growing period, and the water content of the treated spoils determined the final nutrient composition of the stalks, leaves, and grain, as well as the grain and stalk yield.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Organic amendments greatly increased the water content of sand and gravel spoils compared with fertilized controls.
Verbatim
t0“composition of sweet corn”
e0“Crops grown on sand and gravel spoil areas are subject to temperature, moisture, and nutrient stresses”
e1“Additions of organic materials such as feedlot manure and sewage sludge compost”
e2“a greatly increased water content of the spoils in the treated plots compared to fertilized controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure-treated spoil plots had a higher water content than compost-treated spoils.
Verbatim
t0“composition of sweet corn”
e2“The manure-treated spoil plots had a higher water content than either the compost-treated spoils or the limed and fertilized control plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain and stalk yields of sweet corn were highest for the manure-treated plots in a drought year.
- Taxon
- sweet corne3
- Treatment
- manure-treated plotse3
- Outcome
- grain and stalk yieldse3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Qualifier
- In a drought year when the wastes were reappliede5
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e3“both grain and stalk yields of sweet corn were highest for the manure-treated plots”
e5“In a drought year when the wastes were reapplied”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic materials had a low heavy metal content, which the authors judge safe for use as soil conditioners.
Verbatim
t0“composition of sweet corn”
e4“The low heavy metal content makes these organic materials safe for use as soil conditioners”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet corn takes up and accumulates less toxic metals than other crops.
Verbatim
e5“uptake and accumulation of toxic metals by sweet corn is generally less than other crops”
Claim · model-written summary
The kind and rate of organic amendment, rainfall and water content determined the final nutrient composition of sweet corn stalks, leaves and grain.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt0
- Treatment
- kind and rate of organic amendment appliede6
- Outcome
- final nutrient composition of the stalks, leaves, and graine6
- Qualifier
- the amount of rainfall in any given growing periode6
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
t0“composition of sweet corn”
e6“The interaction between the kind and rate of organic amendment applied, the amount of rainfall in any given growing period, and the water content of the treated spoils determined the final nutrient composition of the stalks, leaves, and grain”
Claim · model-written summary
The kind and rate of organic amendment, rainfall and water content determined grain and stalk yield of sweet corn.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt0
- Treatment
- kind and rate of organic amendment appliede6
- Outcome
- grain and stalk yielde7
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
t0“composition of sweet corn”
e6“The interaction between the kind and rate of organic amendment applied, the amount of rainfall in any given growing period, and the water content of the treated spoils determined the final nutrient composition of the stalks, leaves, and grain”
e7“as well as the grain and stalk yield”
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