Abstract
Abstract Field pea can provide protein-rich feed and improve the sustainability of organic systems, but its use is limited because of its poor competitiveness against weeds. This study assessed the value of an index of variety suitability for organic systems of northern Italy. The index was computed as the average variety rank for the following traits evaluated under conventional, weed-free conditions across two autumn sowings (early; late): (i) grain yield; (ii) straw yield; (iii) plant height at the onset of flowering; (iv) tolerance to lodging; (v) tolerance to ascochyta blight; (vi) winter survival; and (vii) earliness of maturity. Attika, which ranked first for index value (seventh for grain yield) across sowings among 50 recent European and Australian varieties, was compared with Metaxa (a recent variety marketed in EU for organic farming, eleventh for index value) for grain yield and competitiveness against weeds in a farmer-managed organic system across two years. Sowing time (autumn or late-winter) was also considered, adopting a factorial design with three replicates. Compared with late-winter sowing, autumn sowing led to higher yields (+56%), greater crop biomass and better ability to control weeds from late vegetative stages onwards. Attika out yielded Metaxa across (+17%) and within sowing times and tended to have greater competitive ability (28% lower weed biomass in April) and crop biomass. The optimal technique (Attika + autumn sowing) tested under organic and conventional farming at the same site in one year could reduce substantially the yield disadvantage of organic cropping. The index, possibly region-specific in its definition, may be used for recommendation or selection of material adapted to organic or low-input systems.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Attika ranked first for index value across sowings among 50 European and Australian varieties.
Verbatim
e1“Field pea can provide protein-rich feed”
e2“Attika, which ranked first for index value (seventh for grain yield) across sowings among 50 recent European and Australian varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Attika ranked seventh for grain yield among the 50 varieties.
Verbatim
e1“Field pea can provide protein-rich feed”
e2“Attika, which ranked first for index value (seventh for grain yield) across sowings among 50 recent European and Australian varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Attika outyielded Metaxa by 17% across and within sowing times.
Verbatim
e1“Field pea can provide protein-rich feed”
e3“Attika out yielded Metaxa across (+17%) and within sowing times”
Claim · model-written summary
Attika tended to have greater competitive ability against weeds.
Verbatim
e1“Field pea can provide protein-rich feed”
e3“Attika out yielded Metaxa across (+17%) and within sowing times”
e4“tended to have greater competitive ability (28% lower weed biomass in April) and crop biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Attika had 28% lower weed biomass in April.
Verbatim
e1“Field pea can provide protein-rich feed”
e3“Attika out yielded Metaxa across (+17%) and within sowing times”
e4“tended to have greater competitive ability (28% lower weed biomass in April) and crop biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Attika had greater crop biomass.
Verbatim
e1“Field pea can provide protein-rich feed”
e3“Attika out yielded Metaxa across (+17%) and within sowing times”
e4“tended to have greater competitive ability (28% lower weed biomass in April) and crop biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Autumn sowing led to 56% higher yields than late-winter sowing.
Verbatim
e1“Field pea can provide protein-rich feed”
e5“Compared with late-winter sowing, autumn sowing led to higher yields (+56%), greater crop biomass and better ability to control weeds from late vegetative stages onwards”
Claim · model-written summary
Autumn sowing gave greater crop biomass than late-winter sowing.
Verbatim
e1“Field pea can provide protein-rich feed”
e5“Compared with late-winter sowing, autumn sowing led to higher yields (+56%), greater crop biomass and better ability to control weeds from late vegetative stages onwards”
Claim · model-written summary
Autumn sowing gave a better ability to control weeds from late vegetative stages onwards than late-winter sowing.
Verbatim
e1“Field pea can provide protein-rich feed”
e5“Compared with late-winter sowing, autumn sowing led to higher yields (+56%), greater crop biomass and better ability to control weeds from late vegetative stages onwards”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimal technique (Attika with autumn sowing) could substantially reduce the yield disadvantage of organic cropping relative to conventional farming.
Verbatim
e1“Field pea can provide protein-rich feed”
e6“The optimal technique (Attika + autumn sowing) tested under organic and conventional farming at the same site in one year could reduce substantially the yield disadvantage of organic cropping”
Claim · model-written summary
The variety suitability index may be used to recommend or select field pea material adapted to organic or low-input systems.
Verbatim
e1“Field pea can provide protein-rich feed”
e7“for recommendation or selection of material adapted to organic or low-input systems”
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