Abstract
Twenty six straw and 15 foliage samples of Lathyrus sativus,Vicia narbonensis,V sativaandV erviliawere analysed for ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), extractable phenols (Pe), extractable tannins (Te), extractable condensed tannins (CTe), protein precipitation capacity (PPC) andin vitrocharacteristics predicted from Hohenheim gas test. The content of crude protein in the foliage was significantly higher than that of the straws (152·6 vs 64·5 g kg−1), while ash (82·8 vs 116·8 g kg−1), NDF (332·7 vs 523·5 g kg−1) and ADF (205·2 vs 369·9 g kg−1) were significantly lower. For straws ofL sativus,V narbonensisandV sativa, there was no significant difference in the protein and ADF contents, whereas ash and NDF contents were significantly lower and higher respectively inL sativusas compared toV narbonensisorV sativa. Predicted from gas volumes, the organic matter digestibility (OMD: 70 vs 56%) and metabolisable energy (ME: 9·7 vs 7·3 MJ kg−1) were significantly higher for the foliage compared to straws. The OMD ofL sativusstraws was significantly lower compared to the straws ofV narbonensisandV sativa. The OMD and ME of the straws of second year was significantly lower than those of the first year. The CP, OMD and ME ofV sativafoliage were higher than that ofV narbonensis. There was no difference in the cell constituents, OMD and ME of foliage samples ofV sativaharvested in May 1992 and June 1992. The contents of Pe, Te and CTe of straws were 1·08%, 0·43% and 0·33%, respectively, and those of foliage were 2·27%, 1·30% and 1·63%, respectively. PPC was not detected for any of the foliage and straw samples. The results suggested that the tannin levels of legume straws investigated are negligible and those of the legume foliage are very low. This does not appear to adversely affect their nutritive value since the maximum decrease in OMD by the tannins was about 3% units.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Crude protein content was significantly higher in legume foliage than in straws.
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e1“The content of crude protein in the foliage was significantly higher than that of the straws (152·6 vs 64·5 g kg−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ash content was significantly lower in legume foliage than in straws.
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e2“ash (82·8 vs 116·8 g kg−1), NDF (332·7 vs 523·5 g kg−1) and ADF (205·2 vs 369·9 g kg−1) were significantly lower”
Claim · model-written summary
NDF content was significantly lower in legume foliage than in straws.
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e2“ash (82·8 vs 116·8 g kg−1), NDF (332·7 vs 523·5 g kg−1) and ADF (205·2 vs 369·9 g kg−1) were significantly lower”
Claim · model-written summary
ADF content was significantly lower in legume foliage than in straws.
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e2“ash (82·8 vs 116·8 g kg−1), NDF (332·7 vs 523·5 g kg−1) and ADF (205·2 vs 369·9 g kg−1) were significantly lower”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic matter digestibility was significantly higher in legume foliage than in straws.
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e3“the organic matter digestibility (OMD: 70 vs 56%) and metabolisable energy (ME: 9·7 vs 7·3 MJ kg−1) were significantly higher for the foliage compared to straws”
Claim · model-written summary
Metabolisable energy was significantly higher in legume foliage than in straws.
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e3“the organic matter digestibility (OMD: 70 vs 56%) and metabolisable energy (ME: 9·7 vs 7·3 MJ kg−1) were significantly higher for the foliage compared to straws”
Claim · model-written summary
Straws of the legume species contain 1·08% extractable phenols (Pe).
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e4“The contents of Pe, Te and CTe of straws were 1·08%, 0·43% and 0·33%, respectively, and those of foliage were 2·27%, 1·30% and 1·63%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Straws of the legume species contain 0·43% extractable tannins (Te).
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e4“The contents of Pe, Te and CTe of straws were 1·08%, 0·43% and 0·33%, respectively, and those of foliage were 2·27%, 1·30% and 1·63%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Straws of the legume species contain 0·33% extractable condensed tannins (CTe).
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e4“The contents of Pe, Te and CTe of straws were 1·08%, 0·43% and 0·33%, respectively, and those of foliage were 2·27%, 1·30% and 1·63%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Legume foliage contains 2·27% extractable phenols (Pe).
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e4“The contents of Pe, Te and CTe of straws were 1·08%, 0·43% and 0·33%, respectively, and those of foliage were 2·27%, 1·30% and 1·63%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Legume foliage contains 1·30% extractable tannins (Te).
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e4“The contents of Pe, Te and CTe of straws were 1·08%, 0·43% and 0·33%, respectively, and those of foliage were 2·27%, 1·30% and 1·63%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Legume foliage contains 1·63% extractable condensed tannins (CTe).
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e4“The contents of Pe, Te and CTe of straws were 1·08%, 0·43% and 0·33%, respectively, and those of foliage were 2·27%, 1·30% and 1·63%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Ash content was significantly lower in L sativus straws than in V narbonensis and V sativa straws.
- Taxon
- L sativus
Lathyrus sativuse1 - Outcome
- ashe1
- Direction
- significantly lowere1
- Comparator
- V narbonensise1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“whereas ash and NDF contents were significantly lower and higher respectively inL sativusas compared toV narbonensisorV sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
NDF content was higher in L sativus straws than in V narbonensis and V sativa straws.
- Taxon
- L sativusLathyrus sativuse1
- Outcome
- NDFe1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- V narbonensise1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“whereas ash and NDF contents were significantly lower and higher respectively inL sativusas compared toV narbonensisorV sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Straws of L sativus, V narbonensis and V sativa do not differ significantly in protein and ADF contents.
- Taxon
- L sativusLathyrus sativuse2
- Outcome
- protein and ADF contentse2
- Direction
- no significant differencee2
- Comparator
- V narbonensise2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“For straws ofL sativus,V narbonensisandV sativa, there was no significant difference in the protein and ADF contents”
Claim · model-written summary
OMD of L sativus straws was significantly lower than that of V narbonensis and V sativa straws.
- Taxon
- L sativusLathyrus sativuse3
- Outcome
- OMDe3
- Direction
- significantly lowere3
- Comparator
- V narbonensise3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The OMD ofL sativusstraws was significantly lower compared to the straws ofV narbonensisandV sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
OMD and ME of second-year straws were significantly lower than those of first-year straws.
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e5“The OMD and ME of the straws of second year was significantly lower than those of the first year”
Claim · model-written summary
CP, OMD and ME of V sativa foliage were higher than those of V narbonensis foliage.
- Taxon
- V sativa
_Vicia_sativa.jpg?width=60)
Vicia sativae6 - Outcome
- CP, OMD and MEe6
- Direction
- highere6
- Comparator
- V narbonensise6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Vicia_sativa.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e6“The CP, OMD and ME ofV sativafoliage were higher than that ofV narbonensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell constituents, OMD and ME of V sativa foliage did not differ between May 1992 and June 1992 harvests.
- Taxon
- V sativaVicia sativae7
- Outcome
- cell constituents, OMD and MEe7
- Direction
- no differencee7
- Setting
- May 1992 and June 1992e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“There was no difference in the cell constituents, OMD and ME of foliage samples ofV sativaharvested in May 1992 and June 1992”
Claim · model-written summary
Proteinase precipitation capacity (PPC) was not detected for any foliage or straw sample.
Verbatim
t0“Legume Foliage and Straws”
e2“PPC was not detected for any of the foliage and straw samples”