Abstract
Abstract Pot and rhizobox experiments were carried out to investigate the iron availability in intercropped peanut and maize as affected by soil moisture. Results from pot experiment showed that the root growth of peanuts were significantly inhibited at 25% soil water content compared to those at 15% soil water content. The chlorophyll content in the new leaves of intercropped peanut decreased and leaves became chlorotic at 25% soil water content. There were no significant differences in the active iron concentration in new leaves of peanut between 15% and 25% soil water content. The soil pH were higher in peanut rhizosphere than in bulk soil at the early, middle, and harvest stages for both 15% and 25% soil water content. The soil bicarbonate content was also higher in peanut rhizosphere than in bulk soil for both 15% and 25% soil water content. There was significant difference in soil bicarbonate of peanut rhizosphere between 15% and 25% soil water content at the harvest stage. The available iron content in both rhizosphere soil and bulk soil were lower than 3.5 mg kg−1 in all growth stages at both 15% and 25% soil water content. Results from rhizobox experiment showed that citric acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid in exudates of peanuts significantly increased at 25% soil water content compared to that at 15% soil water content. The apoplastic iron content of peanut roots decreased by 0.216 and 0.409 µmol g−1 fresh weight−1 (FW) from the 28th growth day to 42nd growth day at 25% and 15% soil water content, respectively. The mobilizing ability of apoplastic iron in intercropped peanuts at 15% soil water content was 20.1% higher compared to that at 25% soil water content. It is concluded that improvement of iron nutrition of peanuts with intercropping with maize could be affected by soil moisture condition. Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to the Major State Basic Research Development Program of the People's Republic of China (Project number G1999011709) and to Dr. J.B. Shen at China Agricultural University for HPLC analysis.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut root growth was significantly inhibited at 25% versus 15% soil water content.
- Taxon
- peanuts
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- 25% soil water contente0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Comparator
- 15% soil water contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the root growth of peanuts were significantly inhibited at 25% soil water content compared to those at 15% soil water content.”
Claim · model-written summary
New-leaf chlorophyll content in intercropped peanut decreased at 25% soil water content.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Organ / stage
- new leavese0
- Treatment
- 25% soil water contente0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The chlorophyll content in the new leaves of intercropped peanut decreased and leaves became chlorotic at 25% soil water content.”
Claim · model-written summary
New peanut leaves became chlorotic at 25% soil water content.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- 25% soil water contente0
- Outcome
- leaves became chlorotice0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaves became chlorotic at 25% soil water content.”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Active iron concentration in new peanut leaves did not differ significantly between 15% and 25% soil water content.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Organ / stage
- new leavese0
- Treatment
- 25% soil water contente0
- Outcome
- active iron concentratione0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Comparator
- 15%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were no significant differences in the active iron concentration in new leaves of peanut between 15% and 25% soil water content.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil pH was higher in peanut rhizosphere than bulk soil at all three stages under both moisture levels.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Organ / stage
- early, middle, and harvest stagese0
- Outcome
- soil pHe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- bulk soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The soil pH were higher in peanut rhizosphere than in bulk soil at the early, middle, and harvest stages for both 15% and 25% soil water content.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil bicarbonate content was higher in peanut rhizosphere than bulk soil at both moisture levels.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- soil bicarbonate contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- bulk soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The soil bicarbonate content was also higher in peanut rhizosphere than in bulk soil for both 15% and 25% soil water content.”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut rhizosphere bicarbonate differed significantly between moisture levels at harvest.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Organ / stage
- harvest stagee0
- Treatment
- 25% soil water contente0
- Outcome
- soil bicarbonate of peanut rhizospheree0
- Comparator
- 15%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was significant difference in soil bicarbonate of peanut rhizosphere between 15% and 25% soil water content at the harvest stage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Available iron in peanut rhizosphere and bulk soil was below 3.5 mg kg−1 at all stages and both moisture levels.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- available iron contente0
- Direction
- lower thane0
- Value
- 3.5 mg kg−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The available iron content in both rhizosphere soil and bulk soil were lower than 3.5 mg kg−1 in all growth stages at both 15% and 25% soil water content.”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Citric acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid in peanut exudates increased significantly at 25% versus 15% soil water content.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- 25% soil water contente0
- Outcome
- citric acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid in exudatese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- 15% soil water contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“citric acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid in exudates of peanuts significantly increased at 25% soil water content compared to that at 15% soil water content.”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut root apoplastic iron declined by 0.216 µmol g−1 fresh weight−1 from days 28 to 42 at 25% moisture.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- 25%e0
- Outcome
- apoplastic iron contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 0.216e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The apoplastic iron content of peanut roots decreased by 0.216 and 0.409 µmol g−1 fresh weight−1 (FW) from the 28th growth day to 42nd growth day at 25% and 15% soil water content, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut root apoplastic iron declined by 0.409 µmol g−1 fresh weight−1 from days 28 to 42 at 15% moisture.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- 15% soil water contente0
- Outcome
- apoplastic iron contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 0.409 µmol g−1 fresh weight−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The apoplastic iron content of peanut roots decreased by 0.216 and 0.409 µmol g−1 fresh weight−1 (FW) from the 28th growth day to 42nd growth day at 25% and 15% soil water content, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Apoplastic iron mobilization in intercropped peanut was 20.1% higher at 15% than 25% soil water content.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- 15% soil water contente0
- Outcome
- mobilizing ability of apoplastic irone0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 20.1%e0
- Comparator
- 25% soil water contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mobilizing ability of apoplastic iron in intercropped peanuts at 15% soil water content was 20.1% higher compared to that at 25% soil water content.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that soil moisture may affect improvement of peanut iron nutrition through maize intercropping.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- soil moisture conditione0
- Outcome
- improvement of iron nutritione0
- Qualifier
- intercropping with maizee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improvement of iron nutrition of peanuts with intercropping with maize could be affected by soil moisture condition.”
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