Abstract
The influence of chromium concentration on ethylene production in bean plants ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Contender) was investigated. A Cr ion‐induced inhibition of ethylene synthesis from endogenous 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC) was observed within both leaf discs floated on 2 m M CrO 2− 4 or Cr 3+ and leaf discs from plants cultured in nutrient solutions containing 10, 20 or 40 μ M CrO 2− 4 . However, Cr ions supplied either to plants with the nutrient solution or to discs with the incubation medium rather increased the conversion of exogenous ACC to ethylene. Primary leaves of plants exposed to CrO 2− 4 ‐containing nutrient solutions showed a statistically insignificant decrease of ACC‐synthase activity. In the trifoliolate leaves of plants exposed to 10 μ M CrO 2− 4 , in which a significant decrease of ethylene production from endogenous ACC was observed, a substantial increase of ACC synthase was found. These results indicate that Cr ion‐induced inhibition of ethylene production is not due to a breakdown of membrane integrity, which is necessary for ethylene forming enzyme activity, but caused by metabolic alterations leading to decreased ACC availability. Chromium ions may act by inhibiting ACC synthase activity or by diverting a metabolic step prior to the ACC synthase catalyzed reaction.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium ions inhibited ethylene synthesis from endogenous ACC in bean leaf discs.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgarise0 - Material
- Contendere0
- Treatment
- Cr ione1
- Compound
- ACCe1
- Outcome
- ethylene synthesise1
- Direction
- inhibitione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bean plants ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Contender)”
e1“A Cr ion‐induced inhibition of ethylene synthesis from endogenous 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC) was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium ions increased the conversion of exogenous ACC to ethylene in bean plants and leaf discs.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Material
- Contendere0
- Treatment
- Cr ionse2
- Compound
- ACCe2
- Outcome
- conversion of exogenous ACC to ethylenee2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bean plants ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Contender)”
e2“Cr ions supplied either to plants with the nutrient solution or to discs with the incubation medium rather increased the conversion of exogenous ACC to ethylene”
Claim · model-written summary
Primary leaves of plants exposed to CrO 2- 4 nutrient solutions showed a statistically insignificant decrease of ACC-synthase activity.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Material
- Contendere0
- Organ / stage
- Primary leavese3
- Treatment
- CrO 2− 4‐containing nutrient solutionse3
- Gene
- ACC‐synthasee3
- Outcome
- ACC‐synthase activitye3
- Direction
- decreasee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bean plants ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Contender)”
e3“Primary leaves of plants exposed to CrO 2− 4‐containing nutrient solutions showed a statistically insignificant decrease of ACC‐synthase activity”
Claim · model-written summary
In trifoliolate leaves of plants exposed to 10 μM CrO 2- 4 a significant decrease of ethylene production from endogenous ACC was observed.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Material
- Contendere0
- Organ / stage
- trifoliolate leavese4
- Treatment
- 10 μ M CrO 2− 4e4
- Outcome
- ethylene production from endogenous ACCe4
- Direction
- decreasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bean plants ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Contender)”
e4“In the trifoliolate leaves of plants exposed to 10 μ M CrO 2− 4 , in which a significant decrease of ethylene production from endogenous ACC was observed, a substantial increase of ACC synthase was found”
Claim · model-written summary
In trifoliolate leaves of plants exposed to 10 μM CrO 2- 4 a substantial increase of ACC synthase was found.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Material
- Contendere0
- Organ / stage
- trifoliolate leavese4
- Treatment
- 10 μ M CrO 2− 4e4
- Gene
- ACC synthasee4
- Outcome
- ACC synthasee4
- Direction
- increasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bean plants ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Contender)”
e4“In the trifoliolate leaves of plants exposed to 10 μ M CrO 2− 4 , in which a significant decrease of ethylene production from endogenous ACC was observed, a substantial increase of ACC synthase was found”
Claim · model-written summary
Cr ion-induced inhibition of ethylene production is not due to membrane breakdown but to metabolic alterations that decrease ACC availability.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Material
- Contendere0
- Treatment
- Cr ione5
- Outcome
- ethylene productione5
- Qualifier
- metabolic alterations leading to decreased ACC availabilitye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bean plants ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Contender)”
e5“These results indicate that Cr ion‐induced inhibition of ethylene production is not due to a breakdown of membrane integrity, which is necessary for ethylene forming enzyme activity, but caused by metabolic alterations leading to decreased ACC availability”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium ions may inhibit ACC synthase activity or divert a metabolic step before the ACC synthase reaction.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Material
- Contendere0
- Treatment
- Chromium ionse6
- Gene
- ACC synthasee6
- Outcome
- ACC synthase activitye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bean plants ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Contender)”
e6“Chromium ions may act by inhibiting ACC synthase activity or by diverting a metabolic step prior to the ACC synthase catalyzed reaction”