Abstract
Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) has expanded dramatically in cotton producing areas of the southwest United States, especially where furrow irrigation was practiced. There is ancillary evidence that cotton may experience shortages of phosphorus (P) and other nutrients more readily under SDI compared with furrow irrigation. This may be related to the smaller wetted volume of soil and hence smaller root volume under SDI. Some cotton producers using SDI in the Trans Pecos region of Texas have observed large increases in cotton lint yield by the addition of small amounts of P; however, cotton response to different P rates under SDI has not been documented in this region. This article presents results of a field experiment repeated during the 2003, 2004, and 2005 growing seasons where cotton lint yield, quality characteristics, and lint gross return were evaluated for different P application rates. The experiment was completely randomized with four treatments and three replications. Treatments were: 1) no phosphorus applications; 2) injection of 4.6 kg ha-1 y-1 P contained in Miller Solugro (12-48-8); 3) injection of 32.9 kg ha-1 y-1 P contained in phosphoric acid; 4) injection of 65.7 kg ha-1 y-1 P contained in phosphoric acid. The cost of P treatments ranged from $21.10 to $42.20 ha-1 y-1, but marginal gross returns for lint were $520 to $1,252 ha-1 y-1 more from phosphoric acid and $233 to $872 ha-1 y-1 more from Miller Solugro. In 2003 and 2004, lint yields and gross returns were greatest for the 65.7-kg ha-1 y-1 P rate, which was similar to recommended rates based on a 2004 soil fertility analysis. In 2005, lint yields and gross returns were greatest for the 32.9-kg ha-1 y-1 P rate, which was slightly below recommended rates based on pre-plant 2005 soil fertility analysis. These results support injecting P at rates based on soil fertility analyses. Both phosphoric acid and Miller Solugro were suitable for injecting P into SDI systems. The P2O5 application rates increased the productivity per unit of water applied during the three years of the study. Plant petiole analysis in 2004 correlated with P application rates, suggesting a qualitative method to detect P deficiencies during the growing season.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphoric acid treatment raised cotton lint marginal gross returns by $520 to $1,252 ha-1 y-1.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- phosphoric acide0
- Outcome
- marginal gross returns for linte0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- $520 to $1,252 ha-1 y-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cost of P treatments ranged from $21.10 to $42.20 ha-1 y-1, but marginal gross returns for lint were $520 to $1,252 ha-1 y-1 more from phosphoric acid and $233 to $872 ha-1 y-1 more from Miller Solugro.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Miller Solugro raised cotton lint marginal gross returns by $233 to $872 ha-1 y-1.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Miller Solugroe0
- Outcome
- marginal gross returns for linte0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- $233 to $872 ha-1 y-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cost of P treatments ranged from $21.10 to $42.20 ha-1 y-1, but marginal gross returns for lint were $520 to $1,252 ha-1 y-1 more from phosphoric acid and $233 to $872 ha-1 y-1 more from Miller Solugro.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton lint yields were greatest at 65.7-kg ha-1 y-1 P in 2003 and 2004.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- 65.7-kg ha-1 y-1 P ratee0
- Outcome
- lint yieldse0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- In 2003 and 2004e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2003 and 2004, lint yields and gross returns were greatest for the 65.7-kg ha-1 y-1 P rate, which was similar to recommended rates based on a 2004 soil fertility analysis.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton gross returns were greatest at 65.7-kg ha-1 y-1 P in 2003 and 2004.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- 65.7-kg ha-1 y-1 P ratee0
- Outcome
- gross returnse0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- In 2003 and 2004e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2003 and 2004, lint yields and gross returns were greatest for the 65.7-kg ha-1 y-1 P rate, which was similar to recommended rates based on a 2004 soil fertility analysis.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton lint yields were greatest at 32.9-kg ha-1 y-1 P in 2005.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- 32.9-kg ha-1 y-1 P ratee0
- Outcome
- lint yieldse0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- In 2005e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2005, lint yields and gross returns were greatest for the 32.9-kg ha-1 y-1 P rate, which was slightly below recommended rates based on pre-plant 2005 soil fertility analysis.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton gross returns were greatest at 32.9-kg ha-1 y-1 P in 2005.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- 32.9-kg ha-1 y-1 P ratee0
- Outcome
- gross returnse0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- In 2005e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2005, lint yields and gross returns were greatest for the 32.9-kg ha-1 y-1 P rate, which was slightly below recommended rates based on pre-plant 2005 soil fertility analysis.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors support phosphorus injection rates based on soil fertility analyses.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- injecting P at rates based on soil fertility analysese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results support injecting P at rates based on soil fertility analyses.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphoric acid was suitable for phosphorus injection in SDI systems.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- phosphoric acide0
- Outcome
- suitable for injecting P into SDI systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both phosphoric acid and Miller Solugro were suitable for injecting P into SDI systems.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Miller Solugro was suitable for phosphorus injection in SDI systems.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Miller Solugroe0
- Outcome
- suitable for injecting P into SDI systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both phosphoric acid and Miller Solugro were suitable for injecting P into SDI systems.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
P2O5 application increased productivity per unit of water applied across three years.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- P2O5 application ratese0
- Outcome
- productivity per unit of water appliede0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- during the three years of the studye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The P2O5 application rates increased the productivity per unit of water applied during the three years of the study.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton petiole measurements in 2004 correlated with phosphorus application rate.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- petiolee0
- Treatment
- P application ratese0
- Outcome
- Plant petiole analysise0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant petiole analysis in 2004 correlated with P application rates, suggesting a qualitative method to detect P deficiencies during the growing season.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton petiole analysis may qualitatively detect phosphorus deficiency during the growing season.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- detect P deficienciese0
- Qualifier
- during the growing seasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant petiole analysis in 2004 correlated with P application rates, suggesting a qualitative method to detect P deficiencies during the growing season.”
t0“Cotton”
The same questions in other papers
phosphorus · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
94 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
100 papers more in this group
See all 104 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.