Abstract
1. Red kidney bean plants grown in sand culture at different levels of potassium nutrition and receiving indoleacetic acid or alpha naphthalene acetamide in the nutrient solution in a series of concentrations were compared by dry weights of top, of root, and of total plant. 2. Plants receiving different nutrition but externally appearing alike responded in a markedly different manner to indoleacetic-acid treatment. 3. Relatively high potassium in the nutrient solution was necessary to obtain increased dry weight of total plant by indoleacetic-acid treatment. 4. Under certain levels of nutrition, increases as great as 12.5 per cent in total plant dry weight were obtained by indoleacetic acid supplied at the 10-9 concentration. Significant increases were obtained at concentrations of 10-7, 10-8, and 10-9. 5. Indoleacetic acid appeared unable either to replace potassium or to enhance its utilization under deficiency conditions, as judged by total plant response. 6. The time of flowering was not hastened by indoleacetic-acid treatment, nor was there any indication that naphthalene acetamide accelerated the appearance of flower buds. 7. The number of leaves per plant was not increased by either growth substance, although leaf size varied considerably. 8. Percentage dry weight increased as potassium decreased, and only at relatively high concentrations of indoleacetic acid (10-4) was increased succulence noted. 9. Plants at four potassium levels yielded the same general trend of response to naphthalene-acetamide treatment. They differed only in the degree of this response, in that dry weights were less with decreasing potassium. 10. Dry weights of roots increased 34-58 per cent at the 10-6 concentration of naphthalene acetamide. At this same concentration growth of tops was significantly reduced. 11. The first visible potassium deficiency symptom was expressed by the primary leaf blades retaining the nocturnal pendant position during the day.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Plants with different nutrition responded differently to indoleacetic acid.
- Taxon
- Red kidney bean plantst1
- Treatment
- indoleacetic-acid treatmente0
- Outcome
- responded in a markedly different mannere0
- Comparator
- different nutritione0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Plants receiving different nutrition but externally appearing alike responded in a markedly different manner to indoleacetic-acid treatment”
t0“Plant Development”
t1“Red kidney bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Relatively high potassium was needed for indoleacetic acid to increase total dry weight.
- Taxon
- Red kidney bean plantst0
- Treatment
- indoleacetic-acid treatmente0
- Outcome
- dry weight of total plante0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- Relatively high potassiume0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Relatively high potassium in the nutrient solution was necessary to obtain increased dry weight of total plant by indoleacetic-acid treatment”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At some nutrition levels, indoleacetic acid at 10-9 increased whole-plant dry weight as much as 12.5 per cent.
- Taxon
- Red kidney bean plantst0
- Treatment
- indoleacetic acid supplied at the 10-9 concentratione0
- Outcome
- total plant dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 12.5 per cente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“increases as great as 12.5 per cent in total plant dry weight were obtained by indoleacetic acid supplied at the 10-9 concentration”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Indoleacetic acid significantly increased dry weight at 10-7, 10-8 and 10-9 concentrations.
- Taxon
- Red kidney bean plantst0
- Treatment
- indoleacetic acide1
- Outcome
- total plant dry weighte2
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- concentrations of 10-7, 10-8, and 10-9e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Significant increases were obtained at concentrations of 10-7, 10-8, and 10-9”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
e1“indoleacetic acid supplied at the 10-9 concentration”
e2“increases as great as 12.5 per cent in total plant dry weight were obtained by indoleacetic acid supplied at the 10-9 concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Indoleacetic acid did not replace potassium or improve its use under deficiency.
- Taxon
- Red kidney bean plantst0
- Treatment
- Indoleacetic acide0
- Outcome
- total plant responsee0
- Direction
- unablee0
- Qualifier
- under deficiency conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Indoleacetic acid appeared unable either to replace potassium or to enhance its utilization under deficiency conditions, as judged by total plant response”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Indoleacetic acid did not hasten flowering.
- Taxon
- Red kidney bean plantst0
- Treatment
- indoleacetic-acid treatmente0
- Outcome
- time of floweringe0
- Direction
- not hastenede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The time of flowering was not hastened by indoleacetic-acid treatment”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Naphthalene acetamide did not accelerate flower-bud appearance.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“nor was there any indication that naphthalene acetamide accelerated the appearance of flower buds”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither growth substance increased leaves per plant.
- Taxon
- Red kidney bean plantst0
- Treatment
- either growth substancee0
- Outcome
- number of leaves per plante0
- Direction
- not increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The number of leaves per plant was not increased by either growth substance”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf size varied considerably.
Verbatim
e0“leaf size varied considerably”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Percentage dry weight rose as potassium decreased.
Verbatim
e0“Percentage dry weight increased as potassium decreased”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Succulence increased only with relatively high indoleacetic acid concentration.
- Taxon
- Red kidney bean plantst0
- Treatment
- indoleacetic acid (10-4)e0
- Outcome
- succulencee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“only at relatively high concentrations of indoleacetic acid (10-4) was increased succulence noted”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At lower potassium, naphthalene acetamide produced lower dry weights.
- Taxon
- Red kidney bean plantst0
- Treatment
- naphthalene-acetamide treatmente1
- Outcome
- dry weightse0
- Direction
- lesse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“dry weights were less with decreasing potassium”
e1“naphthalene-acetamide treatment”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At 10-6 naphthalene acetamide, root dry weights rose 34-58 per cent.
- Taxon
- Red kidney bean plantst0
- Treatment
- 10-6 concentration of naphthalene acetamidee0
- Outcome
- Dry weights of rootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 34-58 per cente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Dry weights of roots increased 34-58 per cent at the 10-6 concentration of naphthalene acetamide”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At the same naphthalene acetamide concentration, top growth was significantly reduced.
- Taxon
- Red kidney bean plantst0
- Treatment
- 10-6 concentration of naphthalene acetamidee1
- Outcome
- growth of topse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“At this same concentration growth of tops was significantly reduced”
e1“10-6 concentration of naphthalene acetamide”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Primary leaf blades stayed pendant by day as the first visible potassium deficiency symptom.
Verbatim
e0“The first visible potassium deficiency symptom was expressed by the primary leaf blades retaining the nocturnal pendant position during the day”
t0“Red kidney bean plants”
The same questions in other papers
indole-3-acetic acid · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results differ
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
28 papers more in this group
See all 32 papers →naphthalene · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
acetamide · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.