Abstract
Detailed information on the growth dynamics, yield responses and soil water use of dual-purpose cereal crops after grazing is often required to devise guidelines for profitable grazing management. To increase the availability of such data, grazing experiments with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were conducted near Canberra, Australia. In 2007, cultivar Mackellar was grazed at low-short (LS, 33 sheep/ha for 31 days), heavy-short (HS, 67 sheep/ha for 31 days) or low-long (LL, 33 sheep/ha for 62 days) intensity-durations. In 2008, cultivars Mackellar and Naparoo were grazed at the HS intensity-duration. Aboveground net primary production (ANPP) of ungrazed Mackellar crops averaged 1181 g/m2. LS and HS grazing did not affect ANPP in 2007, but LL grazing in 2007 and HS grazing in 2008 treatments reduced ANPP by 20% (which included biomass removed by livestock). Average grain yield (381 g/m2) was not significantly affected by grazing. Grazing increased the proportion of water lost through soil evaporation but decreased transpiration, reducing shoot dry matter production per unit evapotranspiration by up to 22%. However, grazing did not affect grain yield per unit evapotranspiration. For rainfed wheat crops grown in temperate environments, greater biomass production occurred with shorter rather than longer grazing durations, irrespective of grazing intensities.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
LS and HS grazing did not affect winter wheat aboveground net primary production in 2007.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- LS and HS grazinge1
- Outcome
- ANPPe1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grazing experiments with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were conducted near Canberra, Australia”
e1“LS and HS grazing did not affect ANPP in 2007”
Claim · model-written summary
LL grazing in 2007 and HS grazing in 2008 reduced winter wheat aboveground net primary production by 20%.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- LL grazing in 2007 and HS grazing in 2008e2
- Outcome
- ANPPe2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 20%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grazing experiments with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were conducted near Canberra, Australia”
e2“LL grazing in 2007 and HS grazing in 2008 treatments reduced ANPP by 20%”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing did not significantly affect average winter wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- grazinge3
- Outcome
- grain yielde3
- Direction
- not significantly affectede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grazing experiments with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were conducted near Canberra, Australia”
e3“Average grain yield (381 g/m2) was not significantly affected by grazing”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing increased the proportion of water lost through soil evaporation in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Grazinge4
- Outcome
- proportion of water lost through soil evaporatione4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grazing experiments with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were conducted near Canberra, Australia”
e4“Grazing increased the proportion of water lost through soil evaporation”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing decreased transpiration of winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Grazinge4
- Outcome
- transpiratione5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grazing experiments with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were conducted near Canberra, Australia”
e4“Grazing increased the proportion of water lost through soil evaporation”
e5“decreased transpiration”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing reduced shoot dry matter production per unit evapotranspiration by up to 22% in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Grazinge4
- Outcome
- shoot dry matter production per unit evapotranspiratione6
- Direction
- reducinge6
- Value
- 22%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grazing experiments with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were conducted near Canberra, Australia”
e4“Grazing increased the proportion of water lost through soil evaporation”
e6“decreased transpiration, reducing shoot dry matter production per unit evapotranspiration by up to 22%”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing did not affect grain yield per unit evapotranspiration of winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- grazinge7
- Outcome
- grain yield per unit evapotranspiratione7
- Direction
- did not affecte7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grazing experiments with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were conducted near Canberra, Australia”
e7“grazing did not affect grain yield per unit evapotranspiration”
Claim · model-written summary
Winter wheat biomass production was greater with shorter than with longer grazing durations, irrespective of grazing intensity.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- grazing durationse5
- Outcome
- biomass productione5
- Direction
- greatere5
- Qualifier
- irrespective of grazing intensitiese5
- Comparator
- longer grazing durationse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grazing experiments with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were conducted near Canberra, Australia”
e5“greater biomass production occurred with shorter rather than longer grazing durations, irrespective of grazing intensities”
The same questions in other papers
grazing · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
33 papers in the same direction as this paper · 34 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
66 papers more in this group
See all 70 papers →grazing · physiology: gas exchange · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
grazing · physiology: water · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
grazing · molecular: metabolites · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.