Abstract
Recent studies on pearl millet transplanting have shown that early harvesting is possible through establishment of nurseries and transplanting with early rains. These studies also showed that age of transplants and the time of transplanting are important issues requiring further consideration. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of age of transplants on growth, yield and yield components of pearl millet. The study also quantified transplanting shock by comparing performance of transplants against non-transplants. The study was carried out over two seasons, the 2001/2002 and 2002/2003 seasons at Save Valley Experiment Station in a semi arid area of Zimbabwe. There were three factors in the experiment, three nursery sowing dates (2 November-SD1; 12 November-SD2 and 22 November-SD3), variety and method of planting (direct or transplanting). Varieties used were PMV2 and PMV3. The design was a 3x2x2 factorial in a Randomised Complete Block Design replicated three times. Seeds of the two varieties were also sown on the day of transplanting (12 December-SD4) resulting in two additional treatments. Days to flowering and maturity, dry weight, grains per panicle, 1000 seed weight and grain yield (kg ha-1) were measured. There were significant sowing date x planting method interactions on time to flowering and maturity. Transplanting increased time to flowering and maturity while delayed sowing decreased time to flowering and maturity. Transplants had lesser dry weights compared to non-transplants though relative growth rate appeared to be the same between transplants and non-transplants. In the 2001/2002 season there was a significant (p<0.05) interaction between Sowing Date (SD) and planting method on yield. Thirty and 40-day-old transplants performed better than 20-day-old transplants. For non-transplants, delayed sowing reduced yields by about 900 kg ha-1 from SD1 to SD4. A similar trend was observed in the 2002/2003 season. Thirty-day-old transplants out yielded SD4 non-transplants by 63 and 26% in the first and second seasons, respectively. It was concluded that for late planting (12 December onwards) transplanting with 30-day-old transplants may yield better than direct sowing in pearl millet.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanting delayed flowering and maturity.
- Taxon
- Pearl Millet
Cenchrus americanust0 - Treatment
- Transplantinge0
- Outcome
- time to flowering and maturitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)”
e0“Transplanting increased time to flowering and maturity while delayed sowing decreased time to flowering and maturity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed sowing shortened time to flowering and maturity.
- Taxon
- Pearl MilletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- delayed sowinge0
- Outcome
- time to flowering and maturitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)”
e0“delayed sowing decreased time to flowering and maturity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplants had lower dry weight than non-transplants.
- Taxon
- Pearl MilletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- Transplantse0
- Outcome
- dry weightse0
- Direction
- lessere0
- Comparator
- non-transplantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)”
e0“Transplants had lesser dry weights compared to non-transplants though relative growth rate appeared to be the same between transplants and non-transplants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative growth rate appeared similar between transplants and non-transplants.
- Taxon
- Pearl MilletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- transplantse0
- Outcome
- relative growth ratee0
- Direction
- the samee0
- Comparator
- non-transplantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)”
e0“relative growth rate appeared to be the same between transplants and non-transplants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sowing date and planting method interacted significantly for flowering and maturity.
- Taxon
- Pearl MilletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- sowing date x planting methode0
- Outcome
- time to flowering and maturitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)”
e0“There were significant sowing date x planting method interactions on time to flowering and maturity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sowing date and planting method interacted significantly for yield in 2001/2002.
- Taxon
- Pearl MilletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- Sowing Date (SD) and planting methode0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Qualifier
- 2001/2002 seasone0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)”
e0“In the 2001/2002 season there was a significant (p<0.05) interaction between Sowing Date (SD) and planting method on yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty and 40-day-old transplants outperformed 20-day-old transplants.
- Taxon
- Pearl MilletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- Thirty and 40-day-old transplantse0
- Outcome
- performed bettere0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- 20-day-old transplantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)”
e0“Thirty and 40-day-old transplants performed better than 20-day-old transplants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed sowing reduced non-transplant yields by about 900 kg ha-1 from SD1 to SD4.
- Taxon
- Pearl MilletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- delayed sowinge0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 900 kg ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- non-transplantse0
- Comparator
- SD1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)”
e0“For non-transplants, delayed sowing reduced yields by about 900 kg ha-1 from SD1 to SD4.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty-day-old transplants yielded 63% more than SD4 non-transplants in the first season.
- Taxon
- Pearl MilletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- Thirty-day-old transplantse0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- out yieldede0
- Value
- 63e0
- Qualifier
- firste0
- Comparator
- SD4 non-transplantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)”
e0“Thirty-day-old transplants out yielded SD4 non-transplants by 63 and 26% in the first and second seasons, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty-day-old transplants yielded 26% more than SD4 non-transplants in the second season.
- Taxon
- Pearl MilletCenchrus americanust0
- Treatment
- Thirty-day-old transplantse0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- out yieldede0
- Value
- 26%e0
- Qualifier
- second seasonse0
- Comparator
- SD4 non-transplantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)”
e0“Thirty-day-old transplants out yielded SD4 non-transplants by 63 and 26% in the first and second seasons, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that 30-day transplants may outperform direct sowing for late planting.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0
- Outcome
- transplanting with 30-day-old transplants may yield better than direct sowinge0
- Qualifier
- late planting (12 December onwards)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)”
e0“for late planting (12 December onwards) transplanting with 30-day-old transplants may yield better than direct sowing in pearl millet.”
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