Paper · 1981 · New Phytologist

MYCORRHIZAL INFECTION AND GROWTH OF TRIFOLIUM SUBTERRANEUM: COMPARISON OF NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL INOCULA

F. A. SMITH; S. E. SMITH

6
claims
12
verbatim quotes
36
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

SUMMARY Mycorrhizal infection and growth of Trifolium subterraneum have been measured, using plants grown in soil/sand mixtures containing natural inoculum, and plants grown in sterilized soil/sand mixtures to which mycorrhizal T. subterraneum roots were added as an artificial inoculum. As control treatments, plants have been grown in sterilized soil/sand mixtures without the addition of roots, or in soil/sand mixtures with the addition of non‐mycorrhizal roots. In one experiment, the two methods of inoculation resulted in similar increases in leaf numbers and in weight. In the second experiment, the growth responses of plants artificially inoculated were less than those of plants with natural inoculum and this was related to delayed mycorrhizal infection. In the third experiment, mycorrhizal infection was again delayed when artificial inoculum was used: this experiment was terminated before increases in weight occurred. The extent and location of mycorrhizal infection from artificial inoculum depended on the location (in the pots) of the added inoculum. The advantages and disadvantages of these two methods of studying mycorrhizal infection are assessed in relation to the different aims of investigations of the mycorrhizal symbiosis.

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Claims 6

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Both inoculation methods similarly increased leaf number and weight in the first experiment.

Taxon
Trifolium subterraneumTrifolium subterraneumt0
Treatment
two methods of inoculatione0
Outcome
leaf numbers and in weighte0
Direction
increasese0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trifolium subterraneum
Trifolium subterraneum · TaxonKevin Thiele from Perth, Australia · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In one experiment, the two methods of inoculation resulted in similar increases in leaf numbers and in weight.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 467–577 · show in text ↑
t0

“TRIFOLIUM SUBTERRANEUM”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 36–58 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Artificial inoculation produced smaller growth responses than natural inoculum in the second experiment.

Taxon
Trifolium subterraneumTrifolium subterraneumt0
Treatment
artificially inoculatede0
Outcome
growth responsese0
Direction
less thane0
Comparator
natural inoculume0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trifolium subterraneum
Trifolium subterraneum · TaxonKevin Thiele from Perth, Australia · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In the second experiment, the growth responses of plants artificially inoculated were less than those of plants with natural inoculum and this was related to delayed mycorrhizal infection.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 578–766 · show in text ↑
t0

“TRIFOLIUM SUBTERRANEUM”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 36–58 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Artificial inoculation delayed mycorrhizal infection in the second experiment.

Taxon
Trifolium subterraneumTrifolium subterraneumt0
Treatment
artificially inoculatede0
Outcome
mycorrhizal infectione0
Direction
delayede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trifolium subterraneum
Trifolium subterraneum · TaxonKevin Thiele from Perth, Australia · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In the second experiment, the growth responses of plants artificially inoculated were less than those of plants with natural inoculum and this was related to delayed mycorrhizal infection.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 578–766 · show in text ↑
t0

“TRIFOLIUM SUBTERRANEUM”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 36–58 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Artificial inoculum again delayed infection in the third experiment.

Taxon
Trifolium subterraneumTrifolium subterraneumt0
Treatment
artificial inoculume0
Outcome
mycorrhizal infectione0
Direction
delayede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trifolium subterraneum
Trifolium subterraneum · TaxonKevin Thiele from Perth, Australia · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In the third experiment, mycorrhizal infection was again delayed when artificial inoculum was used: this experiment was terminated before increases in weight occurred.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 767–934 · show in text ↑
t0

“TRIFOLIUM SUBTERRANEUM”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 36–58 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The third experiment ended before weight increases occurred.

Taxon
Trifolium subterraneumTrifolium subterraneumt0
Outcome
increases in weighte0
Direction
before increasese0
Qualifier
this experiment was terminatede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trifolium subterraneum
Trifolium subterraneum · TaxonKevin Thiele from Perth, Australia · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In the third experiment, mycorrhizal infection was again delayed when artificial inoculum was used: this experiment was terminated before increases in weight occurred.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 767–934 · show in text ↑
t0

“TRIFOLIUM SUBTERRANEUM”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 36–58 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Artificial inoculum placement determined infection extent and location.

Taxon
Trifolium subterraneumTrifolium subterraneumt0
Treatment
artificial inoculume0
Outcome
extent and location of mycorrhizal infectione0
Setting
location (in the pots) of the added inoculume0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trifolium subterraneum
Trifolium subterraneum · TaxonKevin Thiele from Perth, Australia · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The extent and location of mycorrhizal infection from artificial inoculum depended on the location (in the pots) of the added inoculum.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 935–1070 · show in text ↑
t0

“TRIFOLIUM SUBTERRANEUM”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 36–58 · show in text ↑

inoculation · symbiosis · Trifolium subterraneumPositive and negative results

8 papers: 6 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

inoculation · growth · Trifolium subterraneumPositive and negative results

14 papers: 9 positive, 5 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

10 papers more in this group

See all 14 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.