Abstract
Abstract Among the treatments of exogenous foliar spray application of sulphates of cobalt (Co) and cadmium (Cd) at 0, 250, 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm, and nickel (Ni) at 0, 100, 200, and 400 ppm prior to flower bud differentiation in the first week of October, cobalt sulphate (1000 ppm) or cadmium sulphate (1500 ppm) significantly (P=0.05) reduced floral malformation of mango (Mangifera indica L) cv. Langra by 65 to 71% and increased the fruit yield by 35 to 37%. The physical characteristics of the fruit were not affected significantly at the lower concentrations but higher concentrations of Co and Cd caused reduction. Total and non‐reducing sugars in the fruit were adversely affected by the higher rates of Co and Ni applied, but exhibited no effect on total soluble solids percentage (TSS%) or reducing sugars. The foliar spray application of the sulphates of Co, Ni, and Cd increased their respective concentrations in the leaf tissue without any phytotoxic symptoms. Most of the desirable effects were achieved with the 1000 ppm cobalt sulphate treatment applied in the first week of October prior to flower bud differentiation. Notes Department of Soils, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana‐141 004, India.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Cobalt sulphate at 1000 ppm reduced mango floral malformation by 65 to 71%.
- Taxon
- mango (Mangifera indica L)
_from_India.jpg?width=60)
Mangifera indicae0 - Material
- Langrae0
- Treatment
- cobalt sulphate (1000 ppm)e0
- Outcome
- floral malformatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 65 to 71%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_from_India.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“cobalt sulphate (1000 ppm) or cadmium sulphate (1500 ppm) significantly (P=0.05) reduced floral malformation of mango (Mangifera indica L) cv. Langra by 65 to 71% and increased the fruit yield by 35 to 37%”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium sulphate at 1500 ppm reduced mango floral malformation by 65 to 71%.
- Taxon
- mango (Mangifera indica L)Mangifera indicae0
- Material
- Langrae0
- Treatment
- cadmium sulphate (1500 ppm)e0
- Outcome
- floral malformatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 65 to 71%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cobalt sulphate (1000 ppm) or cadmium sulphate (1500 ppm) significantly (P=0.05) reduced floral malformation of mango (Mangifera indica L) cv. Langra by 65 to 71% and increased the fruit yield by 35 to 37%”
Claim · model-written summary
Cobalt sulphate at 1000 ppm increased mango fruit yield by 35 to 37%.
- Taxon
- mango (Mangifera indica L)Mangifera indicae0
- Material
- Langrae0
- Treatment
- cobalt sulphate (1000 ppm)e0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35 to 37%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cobalt sulphate (1000 ppm) or cadmium sulphate (1500 ppm) significantly (P=0.05) reduced floral malformation of mango (Mangifera indica L) cv. Langra by 65 to 71% and increased the fruit yield by 35 to 37%”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium sulphate at 1500 ppm increased mango fruit yield by 35 to 37%.
- Taxon
- mango (Mangifera indica L)Mangifera indicae0
- Material
- Langrae0
- Treatment
- cadmium sulphate (1500 ppm)e0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35 to 37%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cobalt sulphate (1000 ppm) or cadmium sulphate (1500 ppm) significantly (P=0.05) reduced floral malformation of mango (Mangifera indica L) cv. Langra by 65 to 71% and increased the fruit yield by 35 to 37%”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower concentrations did not significantly affect mango fruit physical characteristics.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- lower concentrationse0
- Outcome
- physical characteristics of the fruite0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The physical characteristics of the fruit were not affected significantly at the lower concentrations”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher cobalt concentrations reduced mango fruit physical characteristics.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- Coe0
- Outcome
- physical characteristics of the fruite1
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher concentrations of Co and Cd caused reduction”
e1“The physical characteristics of the fruit were not affected significantly at the lower concentrations”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher cadmium concentrations reduced mango fruit physical characteristics.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- physical characteristics of the fruite1
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher concentrations of Co and Cd caused reduction”
e1“The physical characteristics of the fruit were not affected significantly at the lower concentrations”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher cobalt rates adversely affected mango fruit total and non-reducing sugars.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- higher rates of Coe0
- Outcome
- Total and non‐reducing sugars in the fruite0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total and non‐reducing sugars in the fruit were adversely affected by the higher rates of Co and Ni applied”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher nickel rates adversely affected mango fruit total and non-reducing sugars.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- Nie0
- Outcome
- Total and non‐reducing sugars in the fruite0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total and non‐reducing sugars in the fruit were adversely affected by the higher rates of Co and Ni applied”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher cobalt and nickel rates did not affect mango fruit total soluble solids or reducing sugars.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- Co and Nie1
- Outcome
- total soluble solids percentage (TSS%) or reducing sugarse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but exhibited no effect on total soluble solids percentage (TSS%) or reducing sugars”
e1“higher rates of Co and Ni applied”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar cobalt sulphate raised leaf cobalt concentration without phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- Coe0
- Outcome
- concentrations in the leaf tissuee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- without any phytotoxic symptomse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar spray application of the sulphates of Co, Ni, and Cd increased their respective concentrations in the leaf tissue without any phytotoxic symptoms”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nickel sulphate raised leaf nickel concentration without phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- Nie0
- Outcome
- concentrations in the leaf tissuee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- without any phytotoxic symptomse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar spray application of the sulphates of Co, Ni, and Cd increased their respective concentrations in the leaf tissue without any phytotoxic symptoms”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar cadmium sulphate raised leaf cadmium concentration without phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- concentrations in the leaf tissuee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- without any phytotoxic symptomse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar spray application of the sulphates of Co, Ni, and Cd increased their respective concentrations in the leaf tissue without any phytotoxic symptoms”
t0“mango”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identified 1000 ppm cobalt sulphate in early October before flower bud differentiation as yielding most desirable effects.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- 1000 ppm cobalt sulphate treatmente0
- Outcome
- Most of the desirable effectse0
- Qualifier
- first week of October prior to flower bud differentiatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most of the desirable effects were achieved with the 1000 ppm cobalt sulphate treatment applied in the first week of October prior to flower bud differentiation”
t0“mango”
The same questions in other papers
cobalt atom · quality: sugar starch · Mangifera indica (mango)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
cobalt atom · crop injury · Mangifera indica (mango)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
sulfate · crop injury · Mangifera indica (mango)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
sulfate · yield · Mangifera indica (mango)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
cobalt atom · yield · Mangifera indica (mango)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.