Abstract
Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) planting in Nebraska is recommended for mid Sep but summer crops are often harvested around Oct 1. Also, weather may delay planting. Could gibberellic acid (GA3), a growth stimulant, overcome the delayed seedling growth from late planting? Irrigated field trials were planted from 2005 to 2010 applying GA3 to wheat seed of cvs. Goodstreak and Wesley. In 2005, dip, spray and furrow GA3 applications to seed were tested. Dip and spray gave similar results. Furrow application was calculated too costly. Further tests used seed dips. In 2006 to 2008 planting, wheat was planted about 15 Sep, 1 Oct and 15 Oct. Trials planted in 2007 and 2008 included winter rye (Secale cereale) cv. Rymin. Heights in mid Nov showed a reduction with later planting. When planted about 1 Oct and 15 Oct, the delayed growth of Goodstreak, compared to planting two weeks earlier, was fully overcome by GA3 at 250 ppm. For Wesley, 1000 ppm GA3 was needed to nearly overcome later planting. Rymin rye gave an intermediate response between the two wheat cultivars. Spring and summer heights were not affected by GA3. Spring biomass, yield and harvested seed germination showed no GA3 effect. In later trials (planted in 2009 and 2010), the cytokinin 6-benzyl adenine (6BA) was added to GA3 to stimulate tiller formation. In the 1st year, 6BA at 2000 ppm depressed height, weight and yield without tiller promotion. Repeating the trial with lower rates (31 - 125 ppm 6BA) did not offer an additional advantage to GA3. The results indicate that seed application of GA3 can overcome delayed growth resulting from delayed planting of winter wheat and rye under irrigation.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Seed dip and seed spray applications of GA3 gave similar results in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Dipe1
- Outcome
- resultse1
- Comparator
- spraye1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) planting in Nebraska is recommended for mid Sep”
e1“Dip and spray gave similar results”
Claim · model-written summary
Furrow application of GA3 to seed was calculated too costly.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Furrow applicatione2
- Outcome
- coste2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) planting in Nebraska is recommended for mid Sep”
e2“Furrow application was calculated too costly”
Claim · model-written summary
Heights in mid November were reduced by later planting in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- later plantinge3
- Outcome
- Heightse3
- Direction
- reductione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) planting in Nebraska is recommended for mid Sep”
e3“Heights in mid Nov showed a reduction with later planting”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 250 ppm fully overcame the delayed growth of Goodstreak wheat planted about 1 Oct and 15 Oct, compared with planting two weeks earlier.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Goodstreake4
- Treatment
- GA3 at 250 ppme4
- Outcome
- delayed growthe4
- Direction
- fully overcomee4
- Comparator
- planting two weeks earliere4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) planting in Nebraska is recommended for mid Sep”
e4“When planted about 1 Oct and 15 Oct, the delayed growth of Goodstreak, compared to planting two weeks earlier, was fully overcome by GA3 at 250 ppm”
Claim · model-written summary
For Wesley wheat, 1000 ppm GA3 was needed to nearly overcome the effect of later planting.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Wesleye5
- Treatment
- 1000 ppm GA3e5
- Outcome
- later plantinge5
- Direction
- nearly overcomee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) planting in Nebraska is recommended for mid Sep”
e5“For Wesley, 1000 ppm GA3 was needed to nearly overcome later planting”
Claim · model-written summary
Rymin rye gave an intermediate response between the two wheat cultivars.
- Taxon
- Secale cereale
Secale cerealee6 - Material
- Rymine7
- Outcome
- responsee7
- Qualifier
- intermediatee7
- Comparator
- the two wheat cultivarse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Trials planted in 2007 and 2008 included winter rye (Secale cereale) cv. Rymin”
e7“Rymin rye gave an intermediate response between the two wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring and summer heights of wheat were not affected by GA3.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- GA3e1
- Outcome
- Spring and summer heightse1
- Direction
- not affectede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) planting in Nebraska is recommended for mid Sep”
e1“Spring and summer heights were not affected by GA3”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 had no effect on spring biomass, yield and harvested seed germination of wheat.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- GA3e1
- Outcome
- Spring biomass, yield and harvested seed germinatione1
- Direction
- no GA3 effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) planting in Nebraska is recommended for mid Sep”
e1“Spring biomass, yield and harvested seed germination showed no GA3 effect”
Claim · model-written summary
In the first year, 6BA at 2000 ppm depressed height, weight and yield of wheat.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 6BA at 2000 ppme1
- Outcome
- height, weight and yielde1
- Direction
- depressede1
- Qualifier
- 1st yeare1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) planting in Nebraska is recommended for mid Sep”
e1“In the 1st year, 6BA at 2000 ppm depressed height, weight and yield without tiller promotion”
Claim · model-written summary
6BA at 2000 ppm did not promote tiller formation in wheat in the first year.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 6BA at 2000 ppme1
- Outcome
- tiller promotione1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) planting in Nebraska is recommended for mid Sep”
e1“In the 1st year, 6BA at 2000 ppm depressed height, weight and yield without tiller promotion”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower 6BA rates (31 - 125 ppm) did not add any advantage to GA3 in the repeated trial.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- lower rates (31 - 125 ppm 6BA)e1
- Outcome
- additional advantagee1
- Comparator
- GA3e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) planting in Nebraska is recommended for mid Sep”
e1“Repeating the trial with lower rates (31 - 125 ppm 6BA) did not offer an additional advantage to GA3”
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