Abstract
Abstract A commonly occurring auxin indole‐3‐aceticacid (IAA) and a rarely occurring chlorosubstituted auxin (4‐Cl‐IAA) were compared for their impact on growth and nitrogen metabolism in mung bean for the first time. The plants were generated from healthy and Rhizobium coated seeds in earthen pots. The seedlings at 7 and/or 14 days were percolated with 0, 10−10, 10−8, or 10−6 M of IAA or 4‐Cl‐IAA. The plants were sampled at 30 days after sowing (DAS) to assess the growth and various biochemical characteristics. The auxins significantly enhanced the growth (length and dry mass of shoot and root), nodule fresh mass, nitrogenase activity in fresh nodules, leaf carbonic anhydrase activity, chlorophyll content, and rate of photosynthesis. The effect of the auxins lasted up to the harvest where the seed yield, 100 seed mass, and number of pods per plant were significantly affected by the auxins. At a moderate concentration (10−8 M), 4‐Cl‐IAA generated the best response. However, a comparable response was generated by the higher concentration (10−6 M) of 4‐Cl‐IAA. The application of the hormone twice (at 7 and 14 DAS) was much more effective than single application (at 7 or 14 DAS). It was concluded that IAA and 4‐Cl‐IAA improved the growth and nitrogen fixation in mung bean. The 4‐Cl‐IAA proved more effective than IAA. Keywords: Auxincarbonic anhydrasenitrogenasephotosynthesisyield ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The financial assistance received from University Grants Commission, New Delhi, India [F. 3‐56/2003 (SR)] is gratefully acknowledged.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
The auxins significantly increased shoot and root length and dry mass.
- Taxon
- mung bean
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiatat0 - Treatment
- auxinse0
- Outcome
- length and dry mass of shoot and roote0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The auxins significantly enhanced the growth (length and dry mass of shoot and root)”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The auxins significantly increased nodule fresh mass.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- auxinse0
- Outcome
- nodule fresh masse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The auxins significantly enhanced the growth (length and dry mass of shoot and root), nodule fresh mass”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The auxins significantly increased nitrogenase activity in nodules.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- auxinse0
- Outcome
- nitrogenase activity in fresh nodulese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The auxins significantly enhanced the growth (length and dry mass of shoot and root), nodule fresh mass, nitrogenase activity in fresh nodules”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The auxins significantly increased leaf carbonic anhydrase activity.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- auxinse0
- Outcome
- leaf carbonic anhydrase activitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The auxins significantly enhanced the growth (length and dry mass of shoot and root), nodule fresh mass, nitrogenase activity in fresh nodules, leaf carbonic anhydrase activity”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The auxins significantly increased chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- auxinse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The auxins significantly enhanced the growth (length and dry mass of shoot and root), nodule fresh mass, nitrogenase activity in fresh nodules, leaf carbonic anhydrase activity, chlorophyll content”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The auxins significantly increased photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- auxinse0
- Outcome
- rate of photosynthesise0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The auxins significantly enhanced the growth (length and dry mass of shoot and root), nodule fresh mass, nitrogenase activity in fresh nodules, leaf carbonic anhydrase activity, chlorophyll content, and rate of photosynthesis”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxins significantly affected seed yield at harvest.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- auxinse0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed yield, 100 seed mass, and number of pods per plant were significantly affected by the auxins”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxins significantly affected 100 seed mass at harvest.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- auxinse0
- Outcome
- 100 seed masse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed yield, 100 seed mass, and number of pods per plant were significantly affected by the auxins”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxins significantly affected pods per plant at harvest.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- auxinse0
- Outcome
- number of pods per plante0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed yield, 100 seed mass, and number of pods per plant were significantly affected by the auxins”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
4‐Cl‐IAA at 10−8 M gave the best response.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 4‐Cl‐IAAe0
- Outcome
- best responsee0
- Direction
- beste0
- Qualifier
- 10−8 Me0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At a moderate concentration (10−8 M), 4‐Cl‐IAA generated the best response”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
4‐Cl‐IAA at 10−6 M gave a comparable response.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 4‐Cl‐IAAe0
- Outcome
- comparable responsee0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Qualifier
- 10−6 Me0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a comparable response was generated by the higher concentration (10−6 M) of 4‐Cl‐IAA”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying hormone at both 7 and 14 days was more effective than once at either day.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- application of the hormone twice (at 7 and 14 DAS)e0
- Outcome
- much more effectivee0
- Direction
- much more effectivee0
- Comparator
- single application (at 7 or 14 DAS)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of the hormone twice (at 7 and 14 DAS) was much more effective than single application (at 7 or 14 DAS)”
t0“Mung Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
4‐Cl‐IAA proved more effective than IAA.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- 4‐Cl‐IAAe0
- Outcome
- more effectivee0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- IAAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 4‐Cl‐IAA proved more effective than IAA”
t0“Mung Bean”
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