Abstract
ABSTRACT The wheat stem sawfly ( Cephus cinctus Norton [Hymenoptera: Cephidae]) is a serious threat to wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) and other cereal grains in the northern Great Plains. Wheat cultivars with high expression of pith in the culm of the stem (stem solidity) can minimize losses associated with sawfly infestations and subsequent stem boring of the larva. Based on the widespread area now sown to solid‐stemmed wheat, our objective was to develop an integrated nutrient and planting strategy specific to solid‐stemmed spring wheat using modern farming techniques. Five levels of banded N fertilizer (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg N ha −1 ) were arranged in a factorial combination with three levels of sowing density (100, 300, and 500 seeds m −2 ) and grown at three sites in southern Alberta, Canada, from 2007 to 2009. Increased planting densities optimized yield, but an inverse relationship with pith expression (stem solidness) was observed. Low plant populations (100 seeds m −2 ) were often most effective at maximizing pith expression in solid‐stemmed wheat and reducing sawfly cutting damage. However, this usually required the highest rates of N fertilizer, so a system of low seeding rates and high N may not be economical based on fertilizer input costs and the generally lower grain yield response (−9%). An integrated planting and nutrient strategy for solid‐stemmed spring wheat cultivars consists of seeding rates no greater than 300 seeds m −2 and basal N applications in the range of 30 to 60 kg N ha −1 .
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Increased planting density optimized wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume2 - Treatment
- Increased planting densitiese1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- optimizede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Increased planting densities optimized yield, but an inverse relationship with pith expression (stem solidness) was observed”
e2“is a serious threat to wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pith expression decreased as planting density increased in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- Increased planting densitiese1
- Outcome
- pith expressione1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Increased planting densities optimized yield, but an inverse relationship with pith expression (stem solidness) was observed”
e2“is a serious threat to wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Low plant populations (100 seeds per m2) were often most effective at maximizing pith expression in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- Low plant populationse1
- Outcome
- pith expressione1
- Direction
- maximizinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Low plant populations (100 seeds m −2 ) were often most effective at maximizing pith expression”
e2“is a serious threat to wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Low plant populations reduced sawfly cutting damage in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- Low plant populationse1
- Interactor
- sawflye3pest
- Outcome
- cutting damagee3
- Direction
- reducinge3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Low plant populations (100 seeds m −2 ) were often most effective at maximizing pith expression”
e2“is a serious threat to wheat”
e3“reducing sawfly cutting damage”
Claim · model-written summary
Low plant population systems usually required the highest rates of N fertilizer in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Outcome
- highest rates of N fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“this usually required the highest rates of N fertilizer”
e2“is a serious threat to wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
A system of low seeding rates and high N gave a lower grain yield response (-9%) in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- a system of low seeding rates and high Ne1
- Outcome
- grain yield responsee1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Value
- −9%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a system of low seeding rates and high N may not be economical based on fertilizer input costs and the generally lower grain yield response (−9%)”
e2“is a serious threat to wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeding rates no greater than 300 seeds per m2 are recommended for solid-stemmed spring wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Outcome
- seeding rates no greater than 300 seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“seeding rates no greater than 300 seeds”
e2“is a serious threat to wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Basal N applications of 30 to 60 kg N/ha are recommended for solid-stemmed spring wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Outcome
- basal N applications in the range of 30 to 60 kg N hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“basal N applications in the range of 30 to 60 kg N ha”
e2“is a serious threat to wheat”
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See all 2,061 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.