Abstract
Steady state kinetics were used to examine the influence of Cd 2+ both on K + stimulation of a membrane‐bound ATPase from sugar beet roots ( Beta vulgaris L. cv. Monohill) and on K + ( 86 Rb + ) uptake in intact or excised beet roots. The in vitro effect of Cd 2+ was studied both on a 12000–25000 g root fraction of the (Na + +K + +Mg 2+ )ATPase and on the ATPase when further purified by an aqueous polymer two‐phase system. The observed data can be summarized as follows: 1) Cd 2+ at high concentrations (>100 μ M ) inhibits the MgATPase activity in a competitive way, probably by forming a complex with ATP. 2) Cd 2+ at concentrations <100 μ M inhibits the specific K + activation at both high and low affinity sites for K + . The inhibition pattern appears to be the same in the two ATPase preparations of different purity. In the presence of the substrate MgATP, and at K + <5 m M , the inhibition by Cd 2+ with respect to K + is uncompetitive. In the presence of MgATP and K + >10 μ M , the inhibition by Cd 2+ is competitive. 3) At the low concentrations of K + , Cd 2+ also inhibits the 2,4‐dinitrophenol(DNP)‐sensitive (metabolic) K + ( 86 Rb + ) uptake uncompetitively both in excised roots and in roots of intact plants. 4) The DNP‐insensitive (non metabolic) K + ( 86 Rb + ) uptake is little influenced by Cd 2+ . As Cd 2+ inhibits the metabolic uptake of K + ( 86 Rb + ) and the K + activation of the ATPase in the same way at low concentrations of K + , the same binding site is probably involved. Therefore, under field conditions, when the concentration of K + is low, the presence of Cd 2+ could be disadvantageous.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
High Cd concentration competitively inhibited root MgATPase activity.
- Taxon
- sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)
Beta vulgarist0 - Treatment
- Cd 2+ at high concentrations (>100 μ M )e0
- Outcome
- MgATPase activitye0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd 2+ at high concentrations (>100 μ M ) inhibits the MgATPase activity in a competitive way”
t0“sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower Cd concentration inhibited K activation at both high and low affinity ATPase sites.
- Taxon
- sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)Beta vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Cd 2+ at concentrations <100 μ Me0
- Outcome
- specific K + activatione0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd 2+ at concentrations <100 μ M inhibits the specific K + activation at both high and low affinity sites for K +”
t0“sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
At K below 5 mM, Cd inhibition of ATPase with respect to K was uncompetitive.
- Taxon
- sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)Beta vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Cd 2+e0
- Outcome
- inhibition by Cd 2+e0
- Direction
- uncompetitivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at K + <5 m M , the inhibition by Cd 2+ with respect to K + is uncompetitive”
t0“sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
At K above 10 μM, Cd inhibition was competitive.
- Taxon
- sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)Beta vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Cd 2+e0
- Outcome
- inhibition by Cd 2+e0
- Direction
- competitivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K + >10 μ M , the inhibition by Cd 2+ is competitive”
t0“sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd uncompetitively inhibited metabolic K uptake in excised and intact roots.
- Taxon
- sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)Beta vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Cd 2+e0
- Outcome
- 2,4‐dinitrophenol(DNP)‐sensitive (metabolic) K + ( 86 Rb + ) uptakee0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd 2+ also inhibits the 2,4‐dinitrophenol(DNP)‐sensitive (metabolic) K + ( 86 Rb + ) uptake uncompetitively both in excised roots and in roots of intact plants”
t0“sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd had little influence on nonmetabolic K uptake.
- Taxon
- sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)Beta vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Cd 2+e0
- Outcome
- DNP‐insensitive (non metabolic) K + ( 86 Rb + ) uptakee0
- Direction
- little influencede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The DNP‐insensitive (non metabolic) K + ( 86 Rb + ) uptake is little influenced by Cd 2+”
t0“sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd may inhibit MgATPase by forming a complex with ATP.
- Taxon
- sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)Beta vulgarist0
- Compound
- ATPe0
- Outcome
- MgATPase activitye1
- Qualifier
- probablye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“probably by forming a complex with ATP”
e1“Cd 2+ at high concentrations (>100 μ M ) inhibits the MgATPase activity”
t0“sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
The similar inhibition patterns suggest the same binding site is involved in ATPase activation and metabolic K uptake.
- Taxon
- sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)Beta vulgarist0
- Outcome
- metabolic uptake of K + ( 86 Rb + ) and the K + activation of the ATPasee1
- Qualifier
- the same binding site is probably involvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the same binding site is probably involved”
e1“Cd 2+ inhibits the metabolic uptake of K + ( 86 Rb + ) and the K + activation of the ATPase in the same way at low concentrations of K +”
t0“sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under low K field conditions, Cd presence could be disadvantageous for sugar beet.
- Taxon
- sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)Beta vulgarist0
- Outcome
- the presence of Cd 2+ could be disadvantageouse0
- Qualifier
- when the concentration of K + is lowe0
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under field conditions, when the concentration of K + is low, the presence of Cd 2+ could be disadvantageous”
t0“sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium(2+) · nutrient: content · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.