Abstract
Under technogenic pollution, phytotoxicity of heavy metals (HM) becomes a factor limiting yield and quality of crop production. In breeding, an intraspecific polymorphism of resistance to technogenic factors should be estimated with the analysis of its formation and maintenance. Using spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Zazerskii 85, Gorinskii and Chelyabinskii 1 varieties, we studied the influence of different Pb(NO 3 ) 2 concentrations (1.0; 1.5; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.5; 4.0; 4.5; 5.0 mg/ml) on the growth of roots and offsprings in seedlings. Then, a testing concentration of Pb(NO 3 ) 2 found out was applied to investigate an intraspecific polymorphism of barley plant tolerance to the toxicant. The cultivars from the VIR World Collection (N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, St. Petersburg) were tested using seeds reproduced in 2008, 2009 and 2010 (36, 100 and 24 varieties, respectively). The varieties were divided into classes according to Sturges' rule. The lead sensitive and lead tolerant forms were separated basing on a depression coefficient. According to root growth, the highest tolerance was observed in the Gorinskii variety, and the Zazerskii 85 variety was the most sensitive. The influence of lead resulted in a shift of distribution of 100 cultivars to less offspring length, but according to Kolmogorov-Smirnov criterion there were no significant differences between the empiric distributions (D = 0.17 < D 0.05 = 0.26). The tolerance to lead in varieties from the first and the last classes differed 2.0-4.5 times (i.e. from total suppression to growth stimulation). According to the length of the offsprings from the seeds reproduced in 2008 and 2010, there were no reliable differences from control (D = 0.167 < D 0.05 = 0.434 and D = 0.125 < D 0.05 = 0.531, respectively). A statistically unreliable stimulation of the seed germination also occurred (D = 0.306 < D 0.05 = 0.320 and D = 0.208 < D 0.05 = 0.392, respectively), probably because of less number of the tested samples. Lead caused multiple changes of the root morphology. Basing on morphological parameters, the varieties with a contrast tolerance to lead was revealed. Possible mechanisms of polymorphic tolerance of barley cultivars and other plants to HM are discussed. These data can be used under creation of agricultural plants tolerant to heavy metals.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Gorinskii had the highest root-growth lead tolerance.
- Taxon
- spring barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Material
- Gorinskiie0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- highest tolerancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“According to root growth, the highest tolerance was observed in the Gorinskii variety”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
Claim · model-written summary
Zazerskii 85 was the most lead-sensitive cultivar.
- Taxon
- spring barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Zazerskii 85e0
- Outcome
- most sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Zazerskii 85 variety was the most sensitive”
t0“SPRING BARLEY”
Claim · model-written summary
Lead shifted the distribution of offspring length downward, without a significant distribution difference.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- leade0
- Outcome
- offspring lengthe0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 100 cultivarse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The influence of lead resulted in a shift of distribution of 100 cultivars to less offspring length, but according to Kolmogorov-Smirnov criterion there were no significant differences between the empiric distributions”
t0“BARLEY”
Claim · model-written summary
Extreme cultivar classes differed 2.0-4.5 times in lead tolerance.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- tolerance to leade0
- Value
- 2.0-4.5 timese0
- Comparator
- first and the last classese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tolerance to lead in varieties from the first and the last classes differed 2.0-4.5 times (i.e. from total suppression to growth stimulation)”
t0“BARLEY”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed lots reproduced in 2008 and 2010 showed no reliable difference from control in offspring length.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- leadt0
- Outcome
- length of the offspringse0
- Direction
- no reliable differencese0
- Qualifier
- seeds reproduced in 2008 and 2010e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“According to the length of the offsprings from the seeds reproduced in 2008 and 2010, there were no reliable differences from control”
t0“BARLEY INTRASPECIFIC POLYMORPHISM IN CONNECTION WITH TOLERANCE TO LEAD”
Claim · model-written summary
Lead was associated with statistically unreliable stimulation of germination.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- leadt0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- stimulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A statistically unreliable stimulation of the seed germination also occurred”
t0“BARLEY INTRASPECIFIC POLYMORPHISM IN CONNECTION WITH TOLERANCE TO LEAD”
Claim · model-written summary
Lead caused multiple changes in root morphology.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Leade0
- Outcome
- root morphologye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lead caused multiple changes of the root morphology”
t0“BARLEY”
Claim · model-written summary
Morphological parameters identified barley varieties with contrasting lead tolerance.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- varieties with a contrast tolerance to leade0
- Comparator
- contrast tolerancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Basing on morphological parameters, the varieties with a contrast tolerance to lead was revealed”
t0“BARLEY”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.