Abstract
Wild populations of commonb bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) vary in characters related to leaf photosynthesis. To investigate if such variation exists in leaf photosynthetic characteristics of landraces, and if wild accessions are similar to landraces within a region of origin, 47 wild populations and 47 landraces were evaluated in two field experiments in Colombia. Young unshaded fully expanded leaves of each accession were used to measure stomatal density, CO 2 exchange rates (CER), stomatal conductance, chlorophyll, soluble protein, and N content. As a group Andean accessions (both wild and landraces) had lower specific leaf weight, less chlorophyll, lower CER, lower stomatal conductance, less stomatal density, and higher N content as compared with Mesoamerican accessions. The Andean landraces had the lowest CER as opposed to Mesoamerican landraces which had the highest CER value. For most of the variables measured, univariate analysis of variance within a country of origin suggested that landraces were similar to wild populations. However, cluster analysis that included nine variables formed groups that suggested contrast both between centers of domestication and between wild and cultivated types. Cluster analysis performed for Mexico and Peru identified two major groups that corresponded to wild and landraces within those countries. We conclude that wild populations and landraces differ in characteristics related to leaf photosynthesis, at least in Peru and Mexico. Wild Peruvian populations had higher CER than landraces. Wild Andean and Mesoamerican populations were not different in CER; this is a very interesting observation that suggests that during domestication a decrease in CER occurred in Andean landraces.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Andean common bean accessions had lower specific leaf weight and less chlorophyll than Mesoamerican accessions.
- Taxon
- Common Bean
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Material
- Andean accessionse1
- Outcome
- lower specific leaf weight, less chlorophylle1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- Mesoamerican accessionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Common Bean”
e1“As a group Andean accessions (both wild and landraces) had lower specific leaf weight, less chlorophyll, lower CER, lower stomatal conductance, less stomatal density, and higher N content as compared with Mesoamerican accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Andean common bean accessions had lower CER, lower stomatal conductance and lower stomatal density than Mesoamerican accessions.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Material
- Andean accessionse1
- Outcome
- lower CER, lower stomatal conductance, less stomatal densitye1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- Mesoamerican accessionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Common Bean”
e1“As a group Andean accessions (both wild and landraces) had lower specific leaf weight, less chlorophyll, lower CER, lower stomatal conductance, less stomatal density, and higher N content as compared with Mesoamerican accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Andean common bean accessions had higher N content than Mesoamerican accessions.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Material
- Andean accessionse1
- Outcome
- higher N contente1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- Mesoamerican accessionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Common Bean”
e1“As a group Andean accessions (both wild and landraces) had lower specific leaf weight, less chlorophyll, lower CER, lower stomatal conductance, less stomatal density, and higher N content as compared with Mesoamerican accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Andean landraces had the lowest CER, whereas Mesoamerican landraces had the highest CER.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Material
- Andean landracese1
- Outcome
- CERe1
- Direction
- loweste1
- Comparator
- Mesoamerican landracese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Common Bean”
e1“The Andean landraces had the lowest CER as opposed to Mesoamerican landraces which had the highest CER value”
Claim · model-written summary
For most variables measured, univariate analysis of variance within a country of origin suggested landraces were similar to wild populations.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Material
- landracese1
- Outcome
- most of the variables measurede1
- Direction
- similare1
- Comparator
- wild populationse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Common Bean”
e1“For most of the variables measured, univariate analysis of variance within a country of origin suggested that landraces were similar to wild populations”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster analysis of nine variables formed groups suggesting contrast both between centers of domestication and between wild and cultivated types.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- contrast both between centers of domestication and between wild and cultivated typese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Common Bean”
e1“cluster analysis that included nine variables formed groups that suggested contrast both between centers of domestication and between wild and cultivated types”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster analysis for Mexico and Peru identified two major groups corresponding to wild populations and landraces within those countries.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- two major groups that corresponded to wild and landracese1
- Setting
- Mexico and Perue1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Common Bean”
e1“Cluster analysis performed for Mexico and Peru identified two major groups that corresponded to wild and landraces within those countries”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild Peruvian common bean populations had higher CER than landraces.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Material
- Wild Peruvian populationse1
- Outcome
- CERe1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- landracese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Common Bean”
e1“Wild Peruvian populations had higher CER than landraces”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild Andean and Mesoamerican common bean populations did not differ in CER.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Material
- Wild Andean and Mesoamerican populationse1
- Outcome
- CERe1
- Direction
- not differente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Common Bean”
e1“Wild Andean and Mesoamerican populations were not different in CER”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest a decrease in CER occurred in Andean landraces during domestication.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Material
- Andean landracese1
- Outcome
- decrease in CERe1
- Qualifier
- during domesticatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Common Bean”
e1“during domestication a decrease in CER occurred in Andean landraces”