Abstract
Abstract The effect of sodium chloride (NaCl) on growth, internal ion content, and proton release of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Enano) and jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneid.] roots was studied in order to understand the relationship between the above parameters and salt tolerance. The increase in sodium (Na) ions concentration and the decrease in calcium (Ca) ion concentration in sunflower roots grown in the presence of 50 mM NaCl, relative to control without added NaCl, run parallel to the reduction in growth capacity and in hydrogen (H) ion extrusion activity. However, while the rate of growth was not affected by the addition of Ca to a culture medium containing 50 mM NaCl, H‐ion extrusion activity was reversed, reaching a similar value to that of the roots cultivated in deionized water or in 25 mM NaCl. In jojoba, a reduction of root growth at 100 and 150 mM NaCl was observed, while no significant effects on Ca and potassium (K) contents and on H‐ion extrusion activity were found. These results indicate that proton extrusion and Ca concentration could probably be correlated with sunflower root growth. Moreover, in jojoba roots the lack of a clear correlation between growth, Ca content, and proton extrusion suggest a response to NaCl treatments at a relatively low and stable rate of physiological functions rather than an active mechanism being involved.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium increased in sunflower roots under 50 mM NaCl relative to controls.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Treatment
- 50 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- sodium (Na) ions concentratione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- control without added NaCle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increase in sodium (Na) ions concentration and the decrease in calcium (Ca) ion concentration in sunflower roots grown in the presence of 50 mM NaCl, relative to control without added NaCl”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium concentration decreased in sunflower roots under 50 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- 50 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- calcium (Ca) ion concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- control without added NaCle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decrease in calcium (Ca) ion concentration in sunflower roots grown in the presence of 50 mM NaCl, relative to control without added NaCl”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower root growth capacity and hydrogen ion extrusion declined with salt exposure.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- 50 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- growth capacity and in hydrogen (H) ion extrusion activitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- control without added NaCle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sunflower roots grown in the presence of 50 mM NaCl, relative to control without added NaCl, run parallel to the reduction in growth capacity and in hydrogen (H) ion extrusion activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium addition did not affect sunflower growth rate in 50 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- addition of Ca to a culture medium containing 50 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- rate of growthe0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rate of growth was not affected by the addition of Ca to a culture medium containing 50 mM NaCl”
e1“sunflower roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium addition restored sunflower hydrogen ion extrusion to levels seen in deionized water or 25 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- addition of Ca to a culture medium containing 50 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- H‐ion extrusion activitye0
- Direction
- reversede0
- Comparator
- roots cultivated in deionized water or in 25 mM NaCle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of Ca to a culture medium containing 50 mM NaCl, H‐ion extrusion activity was reversed, reaching a similar value to that of the roots cultivated in deionized water or in 25 mM NaCl”
e1“sunflower roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Jojoba root growth decreased at 100 and 150 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- jojoba
Simmondsia chinensise0 - Treatment
- 100 and 150 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In jojoba, a reduction of root growth at 100 and 150 mM NaCl was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Jojoba calcium and potassium contents and hydrogen ion extrusion showed no significant salt response.
- Taxon
- jojobaSimmondsia chinensise0
- Treatment
- 100 and 150 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- Ca and potassium (K) contents and on H‐ion extrusion activitye0
- Direction
- no significant effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In jojoba, a reduction of root growth at 100 and 150 mM NaCl was observed, while no significant effects on Ca and potassium (K) contents and on H‐ion extrusion activity were found”
Claim · model-written summary
Proton extrusion and calcium concentration may correlate with sunflower root growth.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Compound
- Cae0
- Outcome
- sunflower root growthe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“proton extrusion and Ca concentration could probably be correlated with sunflower root growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Jojoba growth, calcium content and proton extrusion lacked a clear correlation.
- Taxon
- jojobaSimmondsia chinensise0
- Compound
- Cae0
- Outcome
- growthe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in jojoba roots the lack of a clear correlation between growth, Ca content, and proton extrusion”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
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calcium atom · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
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See all 36 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.