Abstract
Excess transpiration relative to water uptake often causes water stress in transplanted vegetable seedlings. Abscisic acid (ABA) can limit transpirational water loss by inducing stomatal closure and inhibiting leaf expansion. We examined the concentration effect of exogenous ABA on growth and physiology of muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) seedlings during water stress and rehydration. Plants were treated with seven concentrations of ABA (0, 0.24, 0.47, 0.95, 1.89, 3.78, and 7.57 m m ) and subjected to 4-day water withholding. Application of ABA improved the maintenance of leaf water potential and relative water content, while reducing electrolyte leakage. These effects were linear or exponential to ABA concentration and maximized at 7.57 m m. Gas-exchange measurements provided evidence that such stress control is attributed to ABA-induced stomatal closure. First, net CO 2 assimilation rate and stomatal conductance initially decreased with increasing ABA concentration by up to 95% and 70%, respectively. A follow-up study (≤1.89 m m ABA) confirmed this result with or without water stress and further revealed a close positive correlation between intercellular CO 2 concentration and net CO 2 assimilation rate 1 day after treatment ( r 2 > 0.83). In contrast, ABA did not affect leaf elongation, indicating that stress alleviation was not mediated by leaf area adjustment. After 18 days of post-stress daily irrigation, dry matter accumulation showed a quadratic concentration-response, increasing up to 1.89 m m by 38% and 44% in shoot and roots, respectively, followed by 16% to 18% decreases at >1.89 m m ABA. These results suggest that excess levels of ABA delay post-stress growth, despite the positive effect on the maintenance of water status and membrane integrity. Another negative side effect was chlorosis, which accelerated linearly with increasing ABA concentration, although it was reversible upon re-watering. The optimal application rate of ABA should minimize these negative effects, while keeping plant water stress to an acceptable level.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
ABA improved leaf water potential and relative water content.
- Taxon
- muskmelon
.jpg?width=60)
Cucumis meloe0 - Treatment
- ABAe1
- Outcome
- leaf water potential and relative water contente1
- Direction
- improvede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) seedlings”
e1“Application of ABA improved the maintenance of leaf water potential and relative water content, while reducing electrolyte leakage”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA reduced electrolyte leakage.
- Taxon
- muskmelonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- ABAe1
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakagee1
- Direction
- reducinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) seedlings”
e1“Application of ABA improved the maintenance of leaf water potential and relative water content, while reducing electrolyte leakage”
Claim · model-written summary
The effects on water status and leakage were strongest at 7.57 m m ABA.
- Taxon
- muskmelonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- ABA concentratione1
- Outcome
- These effectse1
- Direction
- maximizede1
- Value
- 7.57 m me1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) seedlings”
e1“These effects were linear or exponential to ABA concentration and maximized at 7.57 m m”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing ABA initially decreased net CO 2 assimilation rate by up to 95%.
- Taxon
- muskmelonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- ABA concentratione1
- Outcome
- net CO 2 assimilation ratee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 95%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) seedlings”
e1“net CO 2 assimilation rate and stomatal conductance initially decreased with increasing ABA concentration by up to 95% and 70%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing ABA initially decreased stomatal conductance by up to 70%.
- Taxon
- muskmelonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- ABA concentratione1
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 70%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) seedlings”
e1“net CO 2 assimilation rate and stomatal conductance initially decreased with increasing ABA concentration by up to 95% and 70%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercellular CO 2 and assimilation rate were positively correlated after one day.
- Taxon
- muskmelonCucumis meloe0
- Compound
- CO 2e1
- Outcome
- net CO 2 assimilation ratee1
- Direction
- positive correlatione1
- Value
- r 2 > 0.83e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) seedlings”
e1“close positive correlation between intercellular CO 2 concentration and net CO 2 assimilation rate 1 day after treatment ( r 2 > 0.83)”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA did not affect leaf elongation.
- Taxon
- muskmelonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- ABAe1
- Outcome
- leaf elongatione1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) seedlings”
e1“ABA did not affect leaf elongation”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot dry matter increased 38% up to 1.89 m m ABA after rewatering.
- Taxon
- muskmelonCucumis meloe0
- Organ / stage
- shoote1
- Treatment
- 1.89 m me1
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione1
- Direction
- increasinge1
- Value
- 38%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) seedlings”
e1“After 18 days of post-stress daily irrigation, dry matter accumulation showed a quadratic concentration-response, increasing up to 1.89 m m by 38% and 44% in shoot and roots, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Root dry matter increased 44% up to 1.89 m m ABA after rewatering.
- Taxon
- muskmelonCucumis meloe0
- Organ / stage
- rootse1
- Treatment
- 1.89 m me1
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione1
- Direction
- increasinge1
- Value
- 44%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) seedlings”
e1“After 18 days of post-stress daily irrigation, dry matter accumulation showed a quadratic concentration-response, increasing up to 1.89 m m by 38% and 44% in shoot and roots, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter declined by 16% to 18% above 1.89 m m ABA.
- Taxon
- muskmelonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- >1.89 m m ABAe1
- Outcome
- decreasese1
- Direction
- decreasese1
- Value
- 16% to 18%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) seedlings”
e1“followed by 16% to 18% decreases at >1.89 m m ABA”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorosis accelerated with ABA concentration and reversed on rewatering.
- Taxon
- muskmelonCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- ABA concentratione1
- Outcome
- chlorosise1
- Direction
- acceleratede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) seedlings”
e1“chlorosis, which accelerated linearly with increasing ABA concentration, although it was reversible upon re-watering”
Claim · model-written summary
The recommended ABA rate minimizes adverse effects while maintaining tolerable water stress.
- Taxon
- muskmelonCucumis meloe0
- Outcome
- optimal application rate of ABAe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) seedlings”
e1“The optimal application rate of ABA should minimize these negative effects, while keeping plant water stress to an acceptable level”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.