Abstract
A greenhouse study was conducted to examine how the performance of a group of durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum L. var. durum Desf, syn. T. Durum ) lines was affected by high soil boron (B) levels in terms of growth, phenological development, and grain yield components. Three soil B levels (hot-water extractable B concentrations of 0·3, 7·1, and 17·4 mg/kg) were set up by mixing soil with boric acid. Foliar symptom scores of B toxicity were taken at the beginning of tillering. Six seedlings were then harvested from each pot for measurement of dry weight and shoot B concentration. Days to heading, numbers of tillers and heads, plant height, flag-leaf area, grain and straw yield, and number of grains were also measured. The high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg) caused symptoms of B toxicity on the foliage, increased shoot B concentrations, retarded growth, and reduced grain yield. Other effects included delayed heading; greater reduction in grain yield than straw yield; severely reduced grain yield per tiller due to an increase in aborted tillers; and decreased 1000-grain weight and number of heads per plant. The moderately high soil B level (7·1 mg/kg) also severely depressed the grain yield of these durum lines.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
High soil boron caused foliage toxicity symptoms.
- Taxon
- durum wheat
Triticum turgidum subsp. durumt0 - Treatment
- high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)e0
- Outcome
- symptoms of B toxicity on the foliagee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg) caused symptoms of B toxicity on the foliage”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil boron increased shoot boron concentration.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)e0
- Outcome
- shoot B concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg) caused symptoms of B toxicity on the foliage, increased shoot B concentrations”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil boron retarded growth.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)e0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- retardede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg) caused symptoms of B toxicity on the foliage, increased shoot B concentrations, retarded growth”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil boron reduced grain yield.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg) caused symptoms of B toxicity on the foliage, increased shoot B concentrations, retarded growth, and reduced grain yield”
t0“durum wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil boron delayed heading.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)e1
- Outcome
- headinge0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Other effects included delayed heading”
t0“durum wheat”
e1“The high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil boron reduced grain yield more than straw yield.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- greater reductione0
- Comparator
- straw yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greater reduction in grain yield than straw yield”
t0“durum wheat”
e1“The high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil boron severely reduced grain yield per tiller.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)e1
- Outcome
- grain yield per tillere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- due to an increase in aborted tillerse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“severely reduced grain yield per tiller due to an increase in aborted tillers”
t0“durum wheat”
e1“The high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil boron increased aborted tillers.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)e1
- Outcome
- aborted tillerse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increase in aborted tillers”
t0“durum wheat”
e1“The high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil boron decreased 1000-grain weight and number of heads per plant.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)e1
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weight and number of heads per plante0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased 1000-grain weight and number of heads per plant”
t0“durum wheat”
e1“The high soil B level (17·4 mg/kg)”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderately high soil boron severely depressed grain yield.
- Taxon
- durum linese0
- Treatment
- moderately high soil B level (7·1 mg/kg)e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- depressede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The moderately high soil B level (7·1 mg/kg) also severely depressed the grain yield of these durum lines.”
The same questions in other papers
boron atom · yield · Triticum turgidum (rivet wheat)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
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See all 5 papers →boron atom · growth · Triticum turgidum (rivet wheat)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.