Abstract
Summary Hybrid selection has an important infl uence on specifi c end-use of maize (Zea mays L.) grain. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the grain yield and quality of four recently released (1999-2002) maize hybrids compared to a check hybrid Bc 462 released in 1982. All hybrids were of semifl int type, that belong to the various maturity groups (FAO 200-400). Hybrids were grown over two years at the optimum (around 1 May) and delayed (about two weeks later) sowing dates. Grain yields were signifi cantly higher in the growing season of 2004 averaging 7247 kg ha-1 compared to 6114 kg ha-1 in 2003. Larger grain yields in 2004 were primarily associated with the heavier 1000-kernel weights. Grain protein and oil contents did not vary across two years and averaged 112 and 43.4 g kg -1 , respectively. Hybrids signifi cantly diff ered in grain yield, yield components and grain quality traits. A new, longer-maturity hybrid Zlatko produced the largest grain yields, which were by 22 % higher than those of the lowest yielding Tvrtko 303, a shorter-season hybrid. Sowing date did not aff ect grain yield and protein content in any of the tested hybrids, but all hybrids tended to have slightly, yet signifi cantly lower oil content with delayed sowing date. A full-season check hybrid Bc 462 had signifi cantly higher grain protein and oil content than all recently released hybrids, which did not diff er among themselves for those quality traits. However, Bc 462 produced signifi cantly smaller protein, oil and starch yield per hectare than Zlatko because of lower grain yields for the former. Positive correlation existed between grain protein and oil content among tested hybrids, whereas these quality traits negatively correlated with grain yield and starch content. Th us, end-users that require high grain quality maize may need to provide incentives to growers to off set the negative correlation of grain yield with protein and oil content.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield was significantly higher in 2004 than 2003.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields were signifi cantly higher in the growing season of 2004 averaging 7247 kg ha-1 compared to 6114 kg ha-1 in 2003.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The greater 2004 grain yield was associated with heavier 1000-kernel weight.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“Larger grain yields in 2004 were primarily associated with the heavier 1000-kernel weights.”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain protein content did not vary between years and averaged 112 g kg -1.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“Grain protein and oil contents did not vary across two years and averaged 112 and 43.4 g kg -1 , respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain oil content did not vary between years and averaged 43.4 g kg -1.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“Grain protein and oil contents did not vary across two years and averaged 112 and 43.4 g kg -1 , respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrids differed significantly in yield, components and quality traits.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“Hybrids signifi cantly diff ered in grain yield, yield components and grain quality traits.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zlatko grain yield was 22% higher than Tvrtko 303.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“A new, longer-maturity hybrid Zlatko produced the largest grain yields, which were by 22 % higher than those of the lowest yielding Tvrtko 303”
Claim · model-written summary
Sowing date did not affect yield and protein content in tested hybrids.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“Sowing date did not aff ect grain yield and protein content in any of the tested hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed sowing significantly reduced oil content in all hybrids.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“all hybrids tended to have slightly, yet signifi cantly lower oil content with delayed sowing date.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bc 462 had significantly higher protein and oil content than recently released hybrids.
- Material
- Bc 462e0
- Outcome
- grain protein and oil contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- recently released hybridse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“A full-season check hybrid Bc 462 had signifi cantly higher grain protein and oil content than all recently released hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
Recently released hybrids did not differ among themselves in protein and oil content.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“recently released hybrids, which did not diff er among themselves for those quality traits.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bc 462 had significantly smaller protein, oil and starch yield per hectare than Zlatko.
- Material
- Bc 462e0
- Outcome
- protein, oil and starch yield per hectaree0
- Direction
- smallere0
- Comparator
- Zlatkoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“Bc 462 produced signifi cantly smaller protein, oil and starch yield per hectare than Zlatko”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain protein and oil contents were positively correlated.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“Positive correlation existed between grain protein and oil content among tested hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein and oil content correlated negatively with grain yield and starch content.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“these quality traits negatively correlated with grain yield and starch content.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggested incentives to growers for high grain quality maize.
- Outcome
- provide incentives to growerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“end-users that require high grain quality maize may need to provide incentives to growers”
The same questions in other papers
sowing time · quality: oil · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
sowing time · quality: protein · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.