Abstract
Abstract-Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant that is widely cultivated in salt affected soils. This investigation was undertaken to study the effect of NaCl concentration on germination, and the physiological, biochemical and growth characteristics of chamomile. Seed germination and growth were studied at five NaCl concentration levels (0, 40, 80, 120 and 190 mM NaCl concentration). Increasing the level caused significant reduction in seed germination. Salt concentration up to 40 mM led to higher growth, but more than 40mM of NaCl caused significant growth limitation. Chloride and sodium ions increased significantly in various parts of the plant with salinity. Specifically, chloride ions were predominantly concentrated in the shoots whereas sodium ions were concentrated mostly in the roots. With increasing salinity rate, K and Ca concentrations significantly decreased in the shoot and root of M. chamomilla as compared to the control. There was a consistent decrease in K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios in the shoots and roots of M. chamomilla. Plants maintained considerably higher K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios in the shoots than the roots, and the former ratio was significantly higher than 1 in a 40mM salinity level. No change in leaf proline concentration was observed up to 80 mM, but a sharp rise at higher salt levels occurred. Overall, based on the results, M. Chamomilla is a tolerant to moderately salt tolerant crop during its growth, and its response to salinity is associated with the maintenance of high K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios in shoots, the accumulation of Na+ in roots, and proline accumulation in shoots.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing NaCl significantly reduced germination.
- Taxon
- Matricaria chamomilla
Matricaria chamomillae0 - Treatment
- NaCl concentration levelse2
- Outcome
- seed germinatione1
- Direction
- reductione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant”
e1“Increasing the level caused significant reduction in seed germination”
e2“five NaCl concentration levels (0, 40, 80, 120 and 190 mM NaCl concentration)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt up to 40 mM increased growth.
- Taxon
- Matricaria chamomillaMatricaria chamomillae0
- Treatment
- Salt concentration up to 40 mMe1
- Outcome
- growthe1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant”
e1“Salt concentration up to 40 mM led to higher growth”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl above 40mM significantly limited growth.
- Taxon
- Matricaria chamomillaMatricaria chamomillae0
- Treatment
- more than 40mM of NaCle1
- Outcome
- growthe1
- Direction
- limitatione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant”
e1“more than 40mM of NaCl caused significant growth limitation”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloride and sodium ions increased with salinity.
- Taxon
- Matricaria chamomillaMatricaria chamomillae0
- Treatment
- salinitye1
- Outcome
- Chloride and sodium ionse1
- Direction
- increasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant”
e1“Chloride and sodium ions increased significantly in various parts of the plant with salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloride was concentrated mainly in shoots.
- Taxon
- Matricaria chamomillaMatricaria chamomillae0
- Organ / stage
- shootse1
- Outcome
- chloride ionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant”
e1“chloride ions were predominantly concentrated in the shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium was concentrated mainly in roots.
- Taxon
- Matricaria chamomillaMatricaria chamomillae0
- Organ / stage
- rootse1
- Outcome
- sodium ionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant”
e1“sodium ions were concentrated mostly in the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
K and Ca concentrations decreased significantly in shoots and roots as salinity rose.
- Taxon
- Matricaria chamomillaMatricaria chamomillae0
- Treatment
- increasing salinity ratee1
- Outcome
- K and Ca concentrationse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant”
e1“With increasing salinity rate, K and Ca concentrations significantly decreased in the shoot and root of M. chamomilla as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot and root K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios decreased consistently.
- Taxon
- Matricaria chamomillaMatricaria chamomillae0
- Treatment
- increasing salinity ratee2
- Outcome
- K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratiose1
- Direction
- decreasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant”
e1“There was a consistent decrease in K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios in the shoots and roots of M. chamomilla”
e2“With increasing salinity rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios were higher than root ratios.
- Taxon
- Matricaria chamomillaMatricaria chamomillae0
- Organ / stage
- shootse1
- Outcome
- K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratiose1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- rootse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant”
e1“Plants maintained considerably higher K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios in the shoots than the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot K+/Na+ was significantly above one at 40mM salinity.
- Taxon
- Matricaria chamomillaMatricaria chamomillae0
- Treatment
- 40mM salinity levele1
- Outcome
- K+/Na+e2
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant”
e1“the former ratio was significantly higher than 1 in a 40mM salinity level”
e2“Plants maintained considerably higher K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios in the shoots than the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf proline was unchanged through 80 mM.
- Taxon
- Matricaria chamomillaMatricaria chamomillae0
- Treatment
- up to 80 mMe1
- Outcome
- leaf proline concentratione1
- Direction
- No changee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant”
e1“No change in leaf proline concentration was observed up to 80 mM”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf proline rose sharply at higher salt levels.
- Taxon
- Matricaria chamomillaMatricaria chamomillae0
- Treatment
- higher salt levelse1
- Outcome
- leaf proline concentratione2
- Direction
- risee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Matricaria chamomilla is a medicinal plant”
e1“a sharp rise at higher salt levels occurred”
e2“leaf proline concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors classified chamomile as tolerant to moderately salt tolerant during growth.
Verbatim
e0“M. Chamomilla is a tolerant to moderately salt tolerant crop during its growth”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · growth · Matricaria chamomillaResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
salinity · growth · Matricaria chamomillaPositive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.