Abstract
Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) suppressor of npr1-1, constitutive1 (snc1) contains a gain-of-function mutation in a Toll/interleukin receptor-nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat Resistance (R) protein and it has been a useful tool for dissecting R-protein-mediated immunity. Here we report the identification and characterization of snc4-1D, a semidominant mutant with snc1-like phenotypes. snc4-1D constitutively expresses defense marker genes PR1, PR2, and PDF1.2, and displays enhanced pathogen resistance. Map-based cloning of SNC4 revealed that it encodes an atypical receptor-like kinase with two predicted extracellular glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase domains. The snc4-1D mutation changes an alanine to threonine in the predicted cytoplasmic kinase domain. Wild-type plants transformed with the mutant snc4-1D gene displayed similar phenotypes as snc4-1D, suggesting that the mutation is a gain-of-function mutation. Epistasis analysis showed that NON-RACE-SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE1 is required for the snc4-1D mutant phenotypes. In addition, the snc4-1D mutant phenotypes are partially suppressed by knocking out MAP KINASE SUBSTRATE1, a positive defense regulator associated with MAP KINASE4. Furthermore, both the morphology and constitutive pathogen resistance of snc4-1D are partially suppressed by blocking jasmonic acid synthesis, suggesting that jasmonic acid plays an important role in snc4-1D-mediated resistance. Identification of snc4-1D provides us a unique genetic system for analyzing the signal transduction pathways downstream of receptor-like kinases.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
snc4-1D constitutively expressed three defense marker genes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae1 - Material
- snc4-1De0
- Gene
- PR1, PR2, and PDF1.2e0
- Outcome
- constitutively expresses defense marker genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“snc4-1D constitutively expresses defense marker genes PR1, PR2, and PDF1.2”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
snc4-1D displayed enhanced pathogen resistance.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- snc4-1De0
- Outcome
- pathogen resistancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“snc4-1D constitutively expresses defense marker genes PR1, PR2, and PDF1.2, and displays enhanced pathogen resistance”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
SNC4 encodes an atypical receptor-like kinase with two predicted extracellular phosphodiesterase domains.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- SNC4e0
- Outcome
- atypical receptor-like kinasee0
- Qualifier
- two predicted extracellular glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase domainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Map-based cloning of SNC4 revealed that it encodes an atypical receptor-like kinase with two predicted extracellular glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase domains”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
The snc4-1D mutation changed an alanine to threonine in the predicted kinase domain.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- snc4-1De0
- Outcome
- changes an alanine to threoninee0
- Qualifier
- predicted cytoplasmic kinase domaine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The snc4-1D mutation changes an alanine to threonine in the predicted cytoplasmic kinase domain”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild-type plants transformed with mutant snc4-1D displayed phenotypes similar to snc4-1D.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- transformed with the mutant snc4-1D genee0
- Gene
- snc4-1D genee0
- Outcome
- similar phenotypese0
- Comparator
- snc4-1De0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wild-type plants transformed with the mutant snc4-1D gene displayed similar phenotypes as snc4-1D”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
NON-RACE-SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE1 was required for snc4-1D phenotypes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- NON-RACE-SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE1e0
- Outcome
- snc4-1D mutant phenotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NON-RACE-SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE1 is required for the snc4-1D mutant phenotypes”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Knocking out MAP KINASE SUBSTRATE1 partially suppressed snc4-1D phenotypes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- knocking out MAP KINASE SUBSTRATE1e0
- Gene
- MAP KINASE SUBSTRATE1e0
- Outcome
- snc4-1D mutant phenotypese0
- Direction
- partially suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the snc4-1D mutant phenotypes are partially suppressed by knocking out MAP KINASE SUBSTRATE1”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Blocking jasmonic acid synthesis partially suppressed snc4-1D morphology.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- blocking jasmonic acid synthesise0
- Outcome
- morphologye0
- Direction
- partially suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both the morphology and constitutive pathogen resistance of snc4-1D are partially suppressed by blocking jasmonic acid synthesis”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Blocking jasmonic acid synthesis partially suppressed snc4-1D pathogen resistance.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- blocking jasmonic acid synthesise0
- Outcome
- constitutive pathogen resistancee0
- Direction
- partially suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both the morphology and constitutive pathogen resistance of snc4-1D are partially suppressed by blocking jasmonic acid synthesis”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
The same questions in other papers
jasmonic acid · growth · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
jasmonic acid · disease · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.