Abstract
Glyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth has become a serious pest in parts of the Cotton Belt. Some GR cotton cultivars also contain the WideStrike™ insect resistance trait, which confers tolerance to glufosinate. Use of glufosinate-based management systems in such cultivars could be an option for managing GR Palmer amaranth. The objective of this study was to evaluate crop tolerance and weed control with glyphosate-based and glufosinate-based systems in PHY 485 WRF cotton. The North Carolina field experiment compared glyphosate and glufosinate alone and in mixtures applied twice before four- to six-leaf cotton. Additional treatments included glyphosate and glufosinate mixed with S -metolachlor or pyrithiobac applied to one- to two-leaf cotton followed by glyphosate or glufosinate alone on four- to six-leaf cotton. All treatments received a residual lay-by application. Excellent weed control was observed from all treatments on most weed species. Glyphosate was more effective than glufosinate on glyphosate-susceptible (GS) Palmer amaranth and annual grasses, while glufosinate was more effective on GR Palmer amaranth. Annual grass and GS Palmer amaranth control by glyphosate plus glufosinate was often less than control by glyphosate alone but similar to or greater than control by glufosinate alone, while mixtures were more effective than either herbicide alone on GR Palmer amaranth. Glufosinate caused minor and transient injury to the crop, but no differences in cotton yield or fiber quality were noted. This research demonstrates glufosinate can be applied early in the season to PHY 485 WRF cotton without concern for significant adverse effects on the crop. Although glufosinate is often less effective than glyphosate on GS Palmer amaranth, GR Palmer amaranth can be controlled with well-timed applications of glufosinate. Use of glufosinate in cultivars with the WideStrike trait could fill a significant void in current weed management programs for GR Palmer amaranth in cotton.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Most weed species had excellent control across treatments.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0t0 - Interactor
- weed speciese0weed
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- Excellente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excellent weed control was observed from all treatments on most weed species”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate controlled glyphosate-susceptible Palmer amaranth better than glufosinate.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0t0
- Treatment
- Glyphosatee0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- glyphosate-susceptible (GS) Palmer amaranthe0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- glufosinatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate was more effective than glufosinate on glyphosate-susceptible (GS) Palmer amaranth”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate controlled annual grasses better than glufosinate.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0t0
- Treatment
- Glyphosatee0
- Interactor
- annual grassese0weed
- Outcome
- annual grassese0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- glufosinatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate was more effective than glufosinate on glyphosate-susceptible (GS) Palmer amaranth and annual grasses”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate controlled glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth better than glyphosate.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0t0
- Treatment
- glufosinatee0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- GR Palmer amaranthe0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glufosinate was more effective on GR Palmer amaranth”
t0“Cotton”
e2“Glyphosate was more effective than glufosinate on glyphosate-susceptible (GS) Palmer amaranth”
Claim · model-written summary
The mixture often controlled annual grasses less well than glyphosate alone.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0t0
- Treatment
- glyphosate plus glufosinatee0
- Interactor
- Annual grasse0weed
- Outcome
- Annual grasse0
- Direction
- less thane0
- Comparator
- glyphosate alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Annual grass and GS Palmer amaranth control by glyphosate plus glufosinate was often less than control by glyphosate alone”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The mixture often controlled susceptible Palmer amaranth less well than glyphosate alone.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0t0
- Treatment
- glyphosate plus glufosinatee0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- GS Palmer amaranth controle0
- Direction
- less thane0
- Comparator
- glyphosate alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Annual grass and GS Palmer amaranth control by glyphosate plus glufosinate was often less than control by glyphosate alone”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The mixture controlled annual grasses and susceptible Palmer amaranth at least as well as glufosinate alone.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0t0
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- similar to or greater thane0
- Comparator
- glufosinate alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“similar to or greater than control by glufosinate alone”
t0“Cotton”
e2“Annual grass and GS Palmer amaranth control by glyphosate plus glufosinate was often less than control by glyphosate alone”
e3“Glyphosate was more effective than glufosinate on glyphosate-susceptible (GS) Palmer amaranth”
Claim · model-written summary
The mixture was more effective than either herbicide alone on resistant Palmer amaranth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0t0
- Treatment
- mixturese0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- GR Palmer amaranthe0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- either herbicide alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mixtures were more effective than either herbicide alone on GR Palmer amaranth”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate caused minor transient cotton injury.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0t0
- Treatment
- Glufosinatee0
- Outcome
- injury to the crope0
- Qualifier
- minor and transiente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glufosinate caused minor and transient injury to the crop”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton yield did not differ among treatments.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0t0
- Outcome
- cotton yielde0
- Direction
- no differencese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no differences in cotton yield or fiber quality were noted”
t0“Cotton”
e2“Excellent weed control was observed from all treatments on most weed species”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton fiber quality did not differ among treatments.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0t0
- Outcome
- fiber qualitye0
- Direction
- no differencese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no differences in cotton yield or fiber quality were noted”
t0“Cotton”
e2“Excellent weed control was observed from all treatments on most weed species”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend early-season glufosinate in PHY 485 WRF cotton.
Verbatim
e0“glufosinate can be applied early in the season to PHY 485 WRF cotton without concern for significant adverse effects on the crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Well-timed glufosinate applications can control resistant Palmer amaranth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0t0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- GR Palmer amaranth can be controlled with well-timed applications of glufosinatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GR Palmer amaranth can be controlled with well-timed applications of glufosinate”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose glufosinate use in WideStrike cotton to address resistant Palmer amaranth management.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0t0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- Use of glufosinate in cultivars with the WideStrike traite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Use of glufosinate in cultivars with the WideStrike trait could fill a significant void in current weed management programs for GR Palmer amaranth in cotton”
t0“Cotton”
The same questions in other papers
glufosinate · crop injury · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →glufosinate · control · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
18 papers more in this group
See all 22 papers →glyphosate · control · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
37 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
37 papers more in this group
See all 41 papers →glufosinate · organism · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.