Abstract
The genome of Arabidopsis thaliana contains six genes, AtPMT1 to AtPMT6 (Arabidopsis thaliana POLYOL/MONOSACCHARIDE TRANSPORTER 1-6), which form a distinct subfamily within the large family of more than 50 monosaccharide transporter-like (MST-like) genes. So far, only AtPMT5 [formerly named AtPLT5 (At3g18830)] has been characterized and was shown to be a plasma membrane-localized H(+)-symporter with broad substrate specificity. The characterization of AtPMT1 (At2g16120) and AtPMT2 (At2g16130), two other, almost identical, members of this transporter subfamily, are presented here. Expression of the AtPMT1 and AtPMT2 cDNAs in baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) revealed that these proteins catalyse the energy-dependent, high-capacity transport of fructose and xylitol, and the transport of several other compounds with lower rates. Expression of their cRNAs in Xenopus laevis oocytes showed that both proteins are voltage-dependent and catalyse the symport of their substrates with protons. Fusions of AtPMT1 or AtPMT2 with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) localized to Arabidopsis plasma membranes. Analyses of reporter genes performed with AtPMT1 or AtPMT2 promoter sequences showed expression in mature (AtPMT2) or germinating (AtPMT1) pollen grains, as well as in growing pollen tubes, hydathodes, and young xylem cells (both genes). The expression was confirmed with an anti-AtPMT1/AtPMT2 antiserum (alphaAtPMT1/2) raised against peptides conserved in AtPMT1 and AtPMT2. The physiological roles of the proteins are discussed and related to plant cell wall modifications.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
AtPMT1 and AtPMT2 catalyse high-capacity transport of fructose and xylitol.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianat0 - Gene
- AtPMT1 and AtPMT2e1
- Outcome
- high-capacity transport of fructose and xylitole1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“Expression of the AtPMT1 and AtPMT2 cDNAs in baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) revealed that these proteins catalyse the energy-dependent, high-capacity transport of fructose and xylitol, and the transport of several other compounds with lower rates”
Claim · model-written summary
AtPMT1 and AtPMT2 transport several other compounds at lower rates.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- AtPMT1 and AtPMT2e1
- Outcome
- transport of several other compounds with lower ratese1
- Direction
- lowere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“Expression of the AtPMT1 and AtPMT2 cDNAs in baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) revealed that these proteins catalyse the energy-dependent, high-capacity transport of fructose and xylitol, and the transport of several other compounds with lower rates”
Claim · model-written summary
AtPMT1 and AtPMT2 catalyse the symport of their substrates with protons in Xenopus oocytes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- AtPMT1 and AtPMT2e1
- Outcome
- symport of their substrates with protonse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“Expression of the AtPMT1 and AtPMT2 cDNAs in baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) revealed that these proteins catalyse the energy-dependent, high-capacity transport of fructose and xylitol, and the transport of several other compounds with lower rates”
e2“Expression of their cRNAs in Xenopus laevis oocytes showed that both proteins are voltage-dependent and catalyse the symport of their substrates with protons”
Claim · model-written summary
AtPMT1 or AtPMT2 fused with GFP localized to Arabidopsis plasma membranes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- AtPMT1 or AtPMT2e3
- Outcome
- localized to Arabidopsis plasma membranese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e3“Fusions of AtPMT1 or AtPMT2 with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) localized to Arabidopsis plasma membranes”
Claim · model-written summary
AtPMT2 reporter expression occurred in mature pollen grains.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Organ / stage
- pollen grainse4
- Gene
- AtPMT2e4
- Outcome
- expressione4
- Qualifier
- mature (AtPMT2)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e4“Analyses of reporter genes performed with AtPMT1 or AtPMT2 promoter sequences showed expression in mature (AtPMT2) or germinating (AtPMT1) pollen grains, as well as in growing pollen tubes, hydathodes, and young xylem cells (both genes)”
Claim · model-written summary
AtPMT1 reporter expression occurred in germinating pollen grains.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Organ / stage
- pollen grainse4
- Gene
- AtPMT1e4
- Outcome
- expressione4
- Qualifier
- germinating (AtPMT1)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e4“Analyses of reporter genes performed with AtPMT1 or AtPMT2 promoter sequences showed expression in mature (AtPMT2) or germinating (AtPMT1) pollen grains, as well as in growing pollen tubes, hydathodes, and young xylem cells (both genes)”
Claim · model-written summary
AtPMT1 and AtPMT2 reporter expression occurred in growing pollen tubes, hydathodes, and young xylem cells.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Organ / stage
- growing pollen tubes, hydathodes, and young xylem cellse4
- Gene
- AtPMT1 or AtPMT2e4
- Outcome
- expressione4
- Qualifier
- both genese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e4“Analyses of reporter genes performed with AtPMT1 or AtPMT2 promoter sequences showed expression in mature (AtPMT2) or germinating (AtPMT1) pollen grains, as well as in growing pollen tubes, hydathodes, and young xylem cells (both genes)”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of AtPMT1 and AtPMT2 was confirmed with an anti-AtPMT1/AtPMT2 antiserum.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- AtPMT1/AtPMT2e5
- Outcome
- The expression was confirmede5
- Qualifier
- anti-AtPMT1/AtPMT2 antiserume5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e5“The expression was confirmed with an anti-AtPMT1/AtPMT2 antiserum”