Abstract
ABSTRACT The loss of reducing sugars from raw and previously frozen carrot cortex tissue immersed in warm water was studied as a function of temperature (40–100°C). Leaching was described as a diffusional mechanism by application of Fick's 2nd law. This approach successfully modeled losses from raw carrots at temperatures higher than 60°C. At low temperatures diffusion was much slower, due to a high resistence of the tissues to mass transfer, and Fick's 2nd law could not be applied. Previously frozen carrots showed a Fickian behaviour through the range of temperatures and diffusivities were much higher. Dependence of diffusivity on temperature followed an Arrhenius type equation for the two cases. However, the activation energy of pre‐frozen carrots was lower, indicating loss of sensitivity to temperature variations.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Fick's 2nd law modeled the loss of reducing sugars from raw carrots at temperatures above 60°C.
- Taxon
- carrots
Daucus carotae1 - Treatment
- temperatures higher than 60°Ce1
- Outcome
- lossese1
- Value
- higher than 60°Ce1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“This approach successfully modeled losses from raw carrots at temperatures higher than 60°C”
Claim · model-written summary
At low temperatures Fick's 2nd law could not be applied to raw carrot tissue.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- Fick's 2nd lawe2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Carrot Cortex”
e2“Fick's 2nd law could not be applied”
Claim · model-written summary
Previously frozen carrots showed Fickian behaviour across the temperature range, with much higher diffusivities.
- Taxon
- carrotsDaucus carotae3
- Treatment
- Previously frozene3
- Outcome
- diffusivitiese3
- Direction
- much highere3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Previously frozen carrots showed a Fickian behaviour through the range of temperatures and diffusivities were much higher”
Claim · model-written summary
The activation energy of pre-frozen carrots was lower than that of raw carrots.
- Taxon
- carrotsDaucus carotae4
- Treatment
- pre-frozene4
- Outcome
- activation energye4
- Direction
- lowere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“the activation energy of pre-frozen carrots was lower”
Claim · model-written summary
Diffusivity of reducing sugars from carrot tissue depends on temperature through an Arrhenius-type equation in both raw and frozen carrots.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- Dependence of diffusivity on temperaturee5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Carrot Cortex”
e5“Dependence of diffusivity on temperature followed an Arrhenius type equation for the two cases”