Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of fungicides on soil native status of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and yield of wheat grown in randomized complete block design with three replications during Rabi 2011-12. Three different fungicides commonly practiced by the farmers i-e Chloroflorochlorine, Acrobat and Redimoldgold were applied to crop. The recommended level of Chloroflorochlorine was 1 kg/ha, while that of Acrobat and Redimoldgold were 620 g/ha, respectively. Data revealed that wheat yield, plants nutrients uptakes and soil spores density of AMF and their roots infection intensity decreased with fungicides application as compared with the treatment applied with no fungicides. Highest reduction in grain yield shoot dry matter and plant height were noted with application of Acrobat 50% more than recommended level. Grain and shoot dry matter yields of 3621 and 9212 kg/ha, respectively, produced in this treatment, which 17% less than the treatment of no fungicides application. The application of acrobat 50% more than recommended level also showed decreases maximum in soil total N and AB-DTPA extractable P and Cu, which was significantly (p<0.05), lower by 8 and 40%, respectively over the treatment of no fungicides application. Redimoldgold applied as 50% more than recommended level decreased more AB-DTPA extractable Zn and Mn contents lowered as 48 and 200%, respectively over the treatment of no fungicides application. The highest decreases in plant N and P uptake were observed by the application of Acrobat applied as 50% more than recommended level, lowered as 23 and 30%, respectively over the treatment of no fungicides application. Maximum decrease in spores density and their roots infection intensity were recorded by the application of Acrobat 50% more than recommended level, which were 67 and 50%, respectively, lower than the treatment of no fungicides application. Results suggest that application of fungicides reduces the efficiency of AMF native status in soil and cause reduction in wheat yield and plants nutrients uptake.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicides reduced wheat yield, nutrient uptake, AMF spores and root infection compared with no fungicide.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- fungicides applicatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- wheat yield, plants nutrients uptakes and soil spores density of AMFe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- no fungicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat yield, plants nutrients uptakes and soil spores density of AMF and their roots infection intensity decreased with fungicides application as compared with the treatment applied with no fungicides”
Claim · model-written summary
Acrobat at 50% above the recommended rate gave the largest reduction in grain yield, shoot dry matter and plant height.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Acrobat 50% more than recommended levele0
- Outcome
- grain yield shoot dry matter and plant heighte0
- Direction
- Highest reductione0
- Comparator
- recommended levele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest reduction in grain yield shoot dry matter and plant height were noted with application of Acrobat 50% more than recommended level”
t0“Effect of Different Fungicides Application on Wheat Yield and Soil Native Status of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
Acrobat at 50% above the recommended rate produced grain yield of 3621 kg/ha, 17% below no fungicide.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- this treatmente0
- Outcome
- Graine0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 3621e0
- Qualifier
- 17%e0
- Comparator
- no fungicides applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain and shoot dry matter yields of 3621 and 9212 kg/ha, respectively, produced in this treatment, which 17% less than the treatment of no fungicides application”
t0“Effect of Different Fungicides Application on Wheat Yield and Soil Native Status of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
Acrobat at 50% above the recommended rate produced shoot dry matter of 9212 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- this treatmente0
- Outcome
- shoot dry matter yieldse0
- Value
- 9212 kg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain and shoot dry matter yields of 3621 and 9212 kg/ha, respectively, produced in this treatment”
t0“Effect of Different Fungicides Application on Wheat Yield and Soil Native Status of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
Acrobat at the high rate reduced soil nitrogen and available phosphorus and copper significantly.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- acrobat 50% more than recommended levele0
- Outcome
- soil total N and AB-DTPA extractable P and Cue0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- no fungicides applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of acrobat 50% more than recommended level also showed decreases maximum in soil total N and AB-DTPA extractable P and Cu, which was significantly (p<0.05), lower by 8 and 40%, respectively over the treatment of no fungicides application”
t0“Effect of Different Fungicides Application on Wheat Yield and Soil Native Status of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
High rate Redimoldgold reduced soil available zinc and manganese.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Redimoldgold applied as 50% more than recommended levele0
- Outcome
- AB-DTPA extractable Zn and Mn contentse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- no fungicides applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Redimoldgold applied as 50% more than recommended level decreased more AB-DTPA extractable Zn and Mn contents lowered as 48 and 200%, respectively over the treatment of no fungicides application”
t0“Effect of Different Fungicides Application on Wheat Yield and Soil Native Status of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
High rate Acrobat reduced wheat nitrogen uptake by 23%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Acrobat applied as 50% more than recommended levele0
- Outcome
- plant Ne0
- Direction
- lowerede0
- Value
- 23e0
- Comparator
- no fungicides applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant N and P uptake were observed by the application of Acrobat applied as 50% more than recommended level, lowered as 23 and 30%, respectively over the treatment of no fungicides application”
t0“Effect of Different Fungicides Application on Wheat Yield and Soil Native Status of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
High rate Acrobat reduced wheat phosphorus uptake by 30%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Acrobat applied as 50% more than recommended levele0
- Outcome
- P uptakee0
- Direction
- lowerede0
- Value
- 30%e0
- Comparator
- no fungicides applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant N and P uptake were observed by the application of Acrobat applied as 50% more than recommended level, lowered as 23 and 30%, respectively over the treatment of no fungicides application”
t0“Effect of Different Fungicides Application on Wheat Yield and Soil Native Status of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
High rate Acrobat reduced AMF spore density by 67%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Acrobat 50% more than recommended levele0
- Outcome
- spores densitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 67e0
- Comparator
- no fungicides applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spores density and their roots infection intensity were recorded by the application of Acrobat 50% more than recommended level, which were 67 and 50%, respectively, lower than the treatment of no fungicides application”
t0“Effect of Different Fungicides Application on Wheat Yield and Soil Native Status of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi”
e1“Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)”
Claim · model-written summary
High rate Acrobat reduced AMF root infection intensity by 50%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Acrobat 50% more than recommended levele0
- Outcome
- roots infection intensitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 50%e0
- Comparator
- no fungicides applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spores density and their roots infection intensity were recorded by the application of Acrobat 50% more than recommended level, which were 67 and 50%, respectively, lower than the treatment of no fungicides application”
t0“Effect of Different Fungicides Application on Wheat Yield and Soil Native Status of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi”
e1“Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)”
The same questions in other papers
fungicide · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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