Abstract
Diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani are one of many production constraints in soybean-growing regions. Little information is available about the diseases in soybeans tolerant to different herbicides. In 1998 and 1999, studies were conducted to evaluate the plausible interaction between glyphosate-tolerant soybean and herbicides (glyphosate, imazethapyr, lactofen, and pendimethalin) on damping-off and root rot caused by R. solani under greenhouse and field conditions. The herbicides were applied at the product recommended field rate on glyphosate-tolerant (Pioneer 93B01 and Pioneer 9344) and glyphosate-sensitive (BSR 101) soybean grown in soils infested with R. solani (isolate AG-4). Root rot and plant stand was significantly affected by soybean cultivars and herbicide treatments in the greenhouse study. A significant cultivar-treatment interaction was detected in the greenhouse study. The interaction implies that the cultivars responded differently to the various herbicides and especially to the herbicide pendimethalin. Plant stands of both cultivars were reduced by R. solani alone or in combination with different herbicides compared with the noninoculated control, and this was presumed to be due to damping-off. In a 2-year field study, cultivar and treatment main effects differed with respect to plant stand between years. In 1998, analysis of variance revealed a significant treatment effect on root rot severity but not plant stand. In 1999, analysis of variance revealed a significant effect of treatment on root rot severity and plant stand whereas cultivar showed a significant effect on plant stand only. In 1999, plant stands of both cultivars were similarly affected by most treatments. However, in BSR 101, the R. solani + pendimethalin + imazethapyr treatment significantly reduced plant stand compared with the R. solani + pendimethalin treatment. Root rot severity was generally low in both years of the field study. Some differential disease responses were detected between glyphosate-tolerant and glyphosate-sensitive cultivars following the application of certain herbicides in greenhouse and field studies. However, glyphosate-tolerant and glyphosate-sensitive cultivars reacted similarly to most herbicide treatments with respect to root rot and damping off.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizoctonia solani alone or with herbicides reduced soybean plant stand relative to noninoculated controls, presumed to be damping-off.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- R. solani alone or in combination with different herbicidese1
- Interactor
- R. solani
Rhizoctonia solanie1pathogen - Outcome
- Plant standse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- presumed to be due to damping-offe1
- Comparator
- noninoculated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean”
e1“Plant stands of both cultivars were reduced by R. solani alone or in combination with different herbicides compared with the noninoculated control, and this was presumed to be due to damping-off”
Claim · model-written summary
In BSR 101, adding imazethapyr to R. solani plus pendimethalin significantly reduced soybean plant stand compared with R. solani plus pendimethalin.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- BSR 101e2
- Treatment
- R. solani + pendimethalin + imazethapyre2
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie2pathogen
- Outcome
- plant stande2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Comparator
- R. solani + pendimethalin treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean”
e2“However, in BSR 101, the R. solani + pendimethalin + imazethapyr treatment significantly reduced plant stand compared with the R. solani + pendimethalin treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1998, treatment had a significant effect on soybean root rot severity.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- treatmente1
- Outcome
- root rot severitye1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean”
e1“In 1998, analysis of variance revealed a significant treatment effect on root rot severity but not plant stand”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1998, treatment had no significant effect on soybean plant stand.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- treatmente1
- Outcome
- plant stande1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean”
e1“In 1998, analysis of variance revealed a significant treatment effect on root rot severity but not plant stand”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1999, treatment had a significant effect on both root rot severity and plant stand of soybean.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- treatmente1
- Outcome
- root rot severity and plant stande1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean”
e1“In 1999, analysis of variance revealed a significant effect of treatment on root rot severity and plant stand whereas cultivar showed a significant effect on plant stand only”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1999, cultivar had a significant effect on soybean plant stand only.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- cultivare1
- Outcome
- plant stande1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean”
e1“In 1999, analysis of variance revealed a significant effect of treatment on root rot severity and plant stand whereas cultivar showed a significant effect on plant stand only”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1999, the two soybean cultivars had similar plant stands under most treatments.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- both cultivarse1
- Treatment
- most treatmentse1
- Outcome
- plant standse1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean”
e1“In 1999, plant stands of both cultivars were similarly affected by most treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean root rot severity was generally low in both years of the field study.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Root rot severitye1
- Qualifier
- generally lowe1
- Setting
- field studye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean”
e1“Root rot severity was generally low in both years of the field study”
Claim · model-written summary
Some disease responses differed between glyphosate-tolerant and glyphosate-sensitive soybean cultivars after certain herbicides in greenhouse and field studies.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- glyphosate-tolerant and glyphosate-sensitive cultivarse1
- Treatment
- certain herbicidese1
- Outcome
- disease responsese1
- Setting
- greenhouse and field studiese1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean”
e1“Some differential disease responses were detected between glyphosate-tolerant and glyphosate-sensitive cultivars following the application of certain herbicides in greenhouse and field studies”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate-tolerant and glyphosate-sensitive soybean cultivars reacted similarly to most herbicide treatments for root rot and damping off.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- glyphosate-tolerant and glyphosate-sensitive cultivarse1
- Treatment
- most herbicide treatmentse1
- Outcome
- root rot and damping offe1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean”
e1“glyphosate-tolerant and glyphosate-sensitive cultivars reacted similarly to most herbicide treatments with respect to root rot and damping off”
Claim · model-written summary
A significant cultivar-treatment interaction in the greenhouse study showed that soybean cultivars responded differently to herbicides, especially pendimethalin.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- pendimethaline2
- Outcome
- cultivar-treatment interactione1
- Setting
- greenhouse studye1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean”
e1“A significant cultivar-treatment interaction was detected in the greenhouse study”
e2“The interaction implies that the cultivars responded differently to the various herbicides and especially to the herbicide pendimethalin”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean cultivars and herbicide treatments significantly affected root rot and plant stand in the greenhouse study.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- soybean cultivarse1
- Treatment
- herbicide treatmentse1
- Outcome
- Root rot and plant stande1
- Setting
- greenhouse studye1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean”
e1“Root rot and plant stand was significantly affected by soybean cultivars and herbicide treatments in the greenhouse study”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar and treatment main effects on soybean plant stand differed between years in the 2-year field study.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- cultivare1
- Treatment
- treatmente1
- Outcome
- plant stande1
- Setting
- 2-year field studye1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean”
e1“In a 2-year field study, cultivar and treatment main effects differed with respect to plant stand between years”
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