Abstract
Four field trials were conducted over a 2-yr period at Exeter (2005, 2006), Harrow (2006) and Ridgetown (2006), Ontario to evaluate the tolerance of pinto and small red Mexican (SRM) bean to the POST application of bentazon, imazethapyr, or their combination. Bentazon applied once or twice (to simulate a spray overlap in the field) at 840 g ai/ha and imazethapyr applied at 37.5 g/ha caused minimal injury (6% or less) in pinto and SRM bean and had no adverse effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, seed moisture content, and yield. Imazethapyr applied twice at 37.5 and all single and repeat applications containing 75 or 150 g/ha caused 15 to 44% injury to dry bean. These injuries were persistent and reduced plant height by as much as 21% and shoot dry weight by as much as 34%, but caused no adverse effect on maturity and yield, except for imazethapyr applied twice at 150 g/ha, which delayed maturity and reduced yield 16%. The addition of bentazon to imazethapyr applied as a tankmix reduced injury by as much as 23%. Imazethapyr at 37.5 or 75 g/ha combined with bentazon at 840 g/ha applied once or twice caused 3 to 23% injury but had no adverse effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, maturity, or yield. Two applications of imazethapyr at 150 g/ha plus bentazon at 840 g/ha reduced plant height 16% and shoot dry weight 28%.Nomenclature: Bentazon, imazethapyr, pinto bean, small red Mexican bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Bentazon applied once or twice at 840 g ai/ha caused minimal injury (6% or less) in pinto and SRM bean.
- Taxon
- pinto and SRM beane1
- Treatment
- Bentazon applied once or twice (to simulate a spray overlap in the field) at 840 g ai/hae1
- Outcome
- injurye1
- Direction
- minimale1
- Value
- 6% or lesse1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Bentazon applied once or twice (to simulate a spray overlap in the field) at 840 g ai/ha and imazethapyr applied at 37.5 g/ha caused minimal injury (6% or less) in pinto and SRM bean and had no adverse effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, seed moisture content, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Bentazon applied once or twice at 840 g ai/ha had no adverse effect on plant height and shoot dry weight of pinto and SRM bean.
- Taxon
- pinto and SRM beane1
- Treatment
- Bentazon applied once or twice (to simulate a spray overlap in the field) at 840 g ai/hae1
- Outcome
- plant height, shoot dry weighte1
- Direction
- no adverse effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Bentazon applied once or twice (to simulate a spray overlap in the field) at 840 g ai/ha and imazethapyr applied at 37.5 g/ha caused minimal injury (6% or less) in pinto and SRM bean and had no adverse effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, seed moisture content, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Bentazon applied once or twice at 840 g ai/ha had no adverse effect on seed moisture content and yield of pinto and SRM bean.
- Taxon
- pinto and SRM beane1
- Treatment
- Bentazon applied once or twice (to simulate a spray overlap in the field) at 840 g ai/hae1
- Outcome
- seed moisture content, and yielde1
- Direction
- no adverse effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Bentazon applied once or twice (to simulate a spray overlap in the field) at 840 g ai/ha and imazethapyr applied at 37.5 g/ha caused minimal injury (6% or less) in pinto and SRM bean and had no adverse effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, seed moisture content, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr applied at 37.5 g/ha caused minimal injury (6% or less) in pinto and SRM bean.
- Taxon
- pinto and SRM beane1
- Treatment
- imazethapyr applied at 37.5 g/hae1
- Outcome
- injurye1
- Direction
- minimale1
- Value
- 6% or lesse1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Bentazon applied once or twice (to simulate a spray overlap in the field) at 840 g ai/ha and imazethapyr applied at 37.5 g/ha caused minimal injury (6% or less) in pinto and SRM bean and had no adverse effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, seed moisture content, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr applied at 37.5 g/ha had no adverse effect on plant height and shoot dry weight of pinto and SRM bean.
- Taxon
- pinto and SRM beane1
- Treatment
- imazethapyr applied at 37.5 g/hae1
- Outcome
- plant height, shoot dry weighte1
- Direction
- no adverse effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Bentazon applied once or twice (to simulate a spray overlap in the field) at 840 g ai/ha and imazethapyr applied at 37.5 g/ha caused minimal injury (6% or less) in pinto and SRM bean and had no adverse effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, seed moisture content, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr applied at 37.5 g/ha had no adverse effect on seed moisture content and yield of pinto and SRM bean.
- Taxon
- pinto and SRM beane1
- Treatment
- imazethapyr applied at 37.5 g/hae1
- Outcome
- seed moisture content, and yielde1
- Direction
- no adverse effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Bentazon applied once or twice (to simulate a spray overlap in the field) at 840 g ai/ha and imazethapyr applied at 37.5 g/ha caused minimal injury (6% or less) in pinto and SRM bean and had no adverse effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, seed moisture content, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr applied twice at 37.5 g/ha and all single and repeat applications containing 75 or 150 g/ha caused 15 to 44% injury to dry bean.
- Taxon
- dry beane1
- Treatment
- Imazethapyr applied twice at 37.5 and all single and repeat applications containing 75 or 150 g/hae1
- Outcome
- injurye1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 15 to 44%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Imazethapyr applied twice at 37.5 and all single and repeat applications containing 75 or 150 g/ha caused 15 to 44% injury to dry bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The persistent injury from the higher imazethapyr treatments reduced dry bean plant height by as much as 21%.
- Taxon
- dry beane1
- Treatment
- Imazethapyr applied twice at 37.5 and all single and repeat applications containing 75 or 150 g/hae1
- Outcome
- plant heighte2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- as much as 21%e2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Imazethapyr applied twice at 37.5 and all single and repeat applications containing 75 or 150 g/ha caused 15 to 44% injury to dry bean”
e2“reduced plant height by as much as 21%”
Claim · model-written summary
The persistent injury from the higher imazethapyr treatments reduced dry bean shoot dry weight by as much as 34%.
- Taxon
- dry beane1
- Treatment
- Imazethapyr applied twice at 37.5 and all single and repeat applications containing 75 or 150 g/hae1
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- as much as 34%e2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Imazethapyr applied twice at 37.5 and all single and repeat applications containing 75 or 150 g/ha caused 15 to 44% injury to dry bean”
e2“reduced plant height by as much as 21% and shoot dry weight by as much as 34%”
Claim · model-written summary
Except for imazethapyr applied twice at 150 g/ha, the higher imazethapyr treatments caused no adverse effect on dry bean maturity and yield.
- Taxon
- dry beane1
- Treatment
- Imazethapyr applied twice at 37.5 and all single and repeat applications containing 75 or 150 g/hae1
- Outcome
- maturity and yielde2
- Direction
- no adverse effecte2
- Qualifier
- except for imazethapyr applied twice at 150 g/hae2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Imazethapyr applied twice at 37.5 and all single and repeat applications containing 75 or 150 g/ha caused 15 to 44% injury to dry bean”
e2“caused no adverse effect on maturity and yield, except for imazethapyr applied twice at 150 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr applied twice at 150 g/ha delayed maturity of dry bean.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“imazethapyr applied twice at 150 g/ha, which delayed maturity and reduced yield 16%”
e2“injury to dry bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr applied twice at 150 g/ha reduced dry bean yield by 16%.
- Taxon
- dry beane2
- Treatment
- imazethapyr applied twice at 150 g/hae1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 16%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“imazethapyr applied twice at 150 g/ha, which delayed maturity and reduced yield 16%”
e2“injury to dry bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding bentazon to imazethapyr as a tankmix reduced dry bean injury by as much as 23%.
Verbatim
e1“The addition of bentazon to imazethapyr applied as a tankmix reduced injury by as much as 23%”
e2“injury to dry bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr at 37.5 or 75 g/ha combined with bentazon at 840 g/ha, applied once or twice, caused 3 to 23% injury to dry bean.
- Taxon
- dry beane2
- Treatment
- Imazethapyr at 37.5 or 75 g/ha combined with bentazon at 840 g/ha applied once or twicee1
- Outcome
- injurye1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 3 to 23%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Imazethapyr at 37.5 or 75 g/ha combined with bentazon at 840 g/ha applied once or twice caused 3 to 23% injury but had no adverse effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, maturity, or yield”
e2“injury to dry bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr at 37.5 or 75 g/ha combined with bentazon at 840 g/ha had no adverse effect on dry bean plant height and shoot dry weight.
- Taxon
- dry beane2
- Treatment
- Imazethapyr at 37.5 or 75 g/ha combined with bentazon at 840 g/ha applied once or twicee1
- Outcome
- plant height, shoot dry weighte1
- Direction
- no adverse effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Imazethapyr at 37.5 or 75 g/ha combined with bentazon at 840 g/ha applied once or twice caused 3 to 23% injury but had no adverse effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, maturity, or yield”
e2“injury to dry bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr at 37.5 or 75 g/ha combined with bentazon at 840 g/ha had no adverse effect on dry bean maturity and yield.
- Taxon
- dry beane2
- Treatment
- Imazethapyr at 37.5 or 75 g/ha combined with bentazon at 840 g/ha applied once or twicee1
- Outcome
- maturity, or yielde1
- Direction
- no adverse effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Imazethapyr at 37.5 or 75 g/ha combined with bentazon at 840 g/ha applied once or twice caused 3 to 23% injury but had no adverse effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, maturity, or yield”
e2“injury to dry bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Two applications of imazethapyr at 150 g/ha plus bentazon at 840 g/ha reduced dry bean plant height by 16%.
- Taxon
- dry beane2
- Treatment
- Two applications of imazethapyr at 150 g/ha plus bentazon at 840 g/hae1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 16%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Two applications of imazethapyr at 150 g/ha plus bentazon at 840 g/ha reduced plant height 16% and shoot dry weight 28%”
e2“injury to dry bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Two applications of imazethapyr at 150 g/ha plus bentazon at 840 g/ha reduced dry bean shoot dry weight by 28%.
- Taxon
- dry beane2
- Treatment
- Two applications of imazethapyr at 150 g/ha plus bentazon at 840 g/hae1
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 28%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Two applications of imazethapyr at 150 g/ha plus bentazon at 840 g/ha reduced plant height 16% and shoot dry weight 28%”
e2“injury to dry bean”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.