Abstract
At low light intensities (less than 50 μmol m−2 s−1) illumination evokes transient depolarization of membrane potential in mesophyll cells of the leaf-trap of Dionaea muscipula Ellis. Darkening causes hyperpolarization approximately symmetric to the response to illumination. The amplitude as well as the rate of potential changes depend on light intensity. After exceeding a definite threshold (usually between 50 and 80 μmol m−2s−1) the depolarization plays the role of a generator potential and an all-or-none action potential (AP) is released. Switching light off in a depolarization phase of an AP does not change its shape and the amplitude. When the light intensity is increased to 80–150 μmol m−2 s−1 a single light stimulus triggers two successive APs. The time interval between the two APs decreases with increasing stimulus strength and reaches the minimum between 300 and 400 μmol m−2 s−1. At higher light intensities the interval increases again, and finally only a single AP is triggered. It was shown that the effect was evoked by light but not by temperature change accompanying illumination. An inhibitor of the photosyn-thetic electron transport chain, DCMU, blocked the generator potentials mediating between light absorption and APs. Residual responses to light stimuli in plants treated with DCMU had reverse polarity and strongly reduced the amplitudes.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
At low light intensities (below 50 μmol m−2 s−1), illumination evokes transient depolarization of membrane potential in mesophyll cells of the Dionaea muscipula leaf-trap.
- Taxon
- Dionaea muscipula Ellis
.jpg?width=60)
Dionaea muscipulae0 - Organ / stage
- mesophyll cellse0
- Treatment
- illuminatione0
- Outcome
- transient depolarization of membrane potentiale0
- Qualifier
- less than 50 μmol m−2 s−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“At low light intensities (less than 50 μmol m−2 s−1) illumination evokes transient depolarization of membrane potential in mesophyll cells of the leaf-trap of Dionaea muscipula Ellis”
Claim · model-written summary
Darkening causes hyperpolarization in Dionaea muscipula that is approximately symmetric to the response to illumination.
- Taxon
- Dionaea muscipula EllisDionaea muscipulat0
- Treatment
- Darkeninge0
- Outcome
- hyperpolarizatione0
- Qualifier
- approximately symmetric to the response to illuminatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Darkening causes hyperpolarization approximately symmetric to the response to illumination”
t0“Dionaea muscipula Ellis”
Claim · model-written summary
The amplitude and the rate of potential changes in Dionaea muscipula depend on light intensity.
- Taxon
- Dionaea muscipula EllisDionaea muscipulat0
- Treatment
- light intensitye0
- Outcome
- amplitude as well as the rate of potential changese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The amplitude as well as the rate of potential changes depend on light intensity”
t0“Dionaea muscipula Ellis”
Claim · model-written summary
Above a definite light threshold (usually between 50 and 80 μmol m−2s−1) the depolarization acts as a generator potential and an all-or-none action potential is released in Dionaea muscipula.
- Taxon
- Dionaea muscipula EllisDionaea muscipulat0
- Outcome
- an all-or-none action potential (AP) is releasede0
- Qualifier
- usually between 50 and 80 μmol m−2s−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After exceeding a definite threshold (usually between 50 and 80 μmol m−2s−1) the depolarization plays the role of a generator potential and an all-or-none action potential (AP) is released”
t0“Dionaea muscipula Ellis”
Claim · model-written summary
Switching light off during the depolarization phase of an action potential does not change its shape or amplitude in Dionaea muscipula.
- Taxon
- Dionaea muscipula EllisDionaea muscipulat0
- Treatment
- Switching light offe0
- Outcome
- shape and the amplitudee0
- Direction
- does not changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Switching light off in a depolarization phase of an AP does not change its shape and the amplitude”
t0“Dionaea muscipula Ellis”
Claim · model-written summary
When light intensity is increased to 80–150 μmol m−2 s−1, a single light stimulus triggers two successive action potentials in Dionaea muscipula.
- Taxon
- Dionaea muscipula EllisDionaea muscipulat0
- Treatment
- light intensity is increased to 80–150 μmol m−2 s−1e0
- Outcome
- two successive APse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the light intensity is increased to 80–150 μmol m−2 s−1 a single light stimulus triggers two successive APs”
t0“Dionaea muscipula Ellis”
Claim · model-written summary
The time interval between the two action potentials decreases with increasing stimulus strength and reaches its minimum between 300 and 400 μmol m−2 s−1.
- Taxon
- Dionaea muscipula EllisDionaea muscipulat0
- Treatment
- increasing stimulus strengthe0
- Outcome
- time interval between the two APse0
- Direction
- decreasese0
- Value
- between 300 and 400 μmol m−2 s−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The time interval between the two APs decreases with increasing stimulus strength and reaches the minimum between 300 and 400 μmol m−2 s−1”
t0“Dionaea muscipula Ellis”
Claim · model-written summary
At higher light intensities the interval between the two action potentials increases again.
- Taxon
- Dionaea muscipula EllisDionaea muscipulat0
- Treatment
- higher light intensitiese0
- Outcome
- intervale0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At higher light intensities the interval increases again, and finally only a single AP is triggered”
t0“Dionaea muscipula Ellis”
Claim · model-written summary
At still higher light intensities only a single action potential is triggered.
- Taxon
- Dionaea muscipula EllisDionaea muscipulat0
- Treatment
- higher light intensitiese0
- Outcome
- only a single AP is triggerede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At higher light intensities the interval increases again, and finally only a single AP is triggered”
t0“Dionaea muscipula Ellis”
Claim · model-written summary
The electrical effect was evoked by light and not by the temperature change accompanying illumination.
- Taxon
- Dionaea muscipula EllisDionaea muscipulat0
- Treatment
- lighte0
- Outcome
- evoked by light but not by temperature changee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was shown that the effect was evoked by light but not by temperature change accompanying illumination”
t0“Dionaea muscipula Ellis”
Claim · model-written summary
DCMU, an inhibitor of the photosynthetic electron transport chain, blocked the generator potentials mediating between light absorption and action potentials.
- Taxon
- Dionaea muscipula EllisDionaea muscipulat0
- Treatment
- DCMUe0
- Outcome
- generator potentialse0
- Direction
- blockede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An inhibitor of the photosyn-thetic electron transport chain, DCMU, blocked the generator potentials mediating between light absorption and APs”
t0“Dionaea muscipula Ellis”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual responses to light stimuli in DCMU-treated plants had reversed polarity.
- Taxon
- Dionaea muscipula EllisDionaea muscipulat0
- Treatment
- DCMUe0
- Outcome
- polaritye0
- Direction
- reverse polaritye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Residual responses to light stimuli in plants treated with DCMU had reverse polarity and strongly reduced the amplitudes”
t0“Dionaea muscipula Ellis”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual responses to light stimuli in DCMU-treated plants had strongly reduced amplitudes.
- Taxon
- Dionaea muscipula EllisDionaea muscipulat0
- Treatment
- DCMUe0
- Outcome
- amplitudese0
- Direction
- strongly reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Residual responses to light stimuli in plants treated with DCMU had reverse polarity and strongly reduced the amplitudes”
t0“Dionaea muscipula Ellis”