Abstract
An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture. Callus with a high frequency of somatic embryogenesis, somatic embryos, and regenerative plants was obtained. Callus was induced from three types of explants on MSB (MS salts with B, vitamins) medium supplemented with zeatin (ZT) only, but the percentage of callus induction and growth of callus varied. It appeared that it was much easier to induce callus from hypocotyl than cotyledon or root explants. The concentrations of ZT were critical to the induction and proliferation of callus. The optimum ZT concentration for callus induction was 3.0~5.0mg/L. Two kinds of callus could be identified after 70 days of culture: embryogenic and nonembryogenic callus. Embryogenic callus developed into somatic embryos at various stages after 20 days of subculture. The capability of embryogenesis depended on the explant types. The root was the most responsive explant for production of somatic embryos, the hypocotyl was the next, and the cotyledon was the last. Moreover, a low concentration of ZT was advantageous to the induction of embryogenic callus. 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) promoted the proliferation of embryogenic callus, but had a negative effect on the differentiation and germination of somatic embryos. Addition of activated charcoal or a proper combination of ZT and 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) could promote the production, maturation and germination of somatic embryos. The best medium for the proliferation of embryogenic callus was ZH medium (Zhang et al., 1996) with 1.0mg/L 2, 4-D, 0.5mg/L kinetin (KT) and 0.5mg/L ZT. The best medium for the differentiation and germination of somatic embryos was MSB with 0.1mg/L ZT and 2g/L activated charcoal. An efficient protocol for the production of high frequency somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration of an elite cotton variety Simian-3 has been developed. Complete plants could be regenerated through somatic embryogenesis from hypocotyl, cotyledon and root explants in 3-4 months.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton hypocotyl explants gave much easier callus induction than cotyledon or root explants.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum L.
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Organ / stage
- hypocotyle1
- Outcome
- induce calluse1
- Direction
- much easiere1
- Comparator
- cotyledon or root explantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture”
e1“It appeared that it was much easier to induce callus from hypocotyl than cotyledon or root explants”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimum ZT concentration for cotton callus induction was 3.0~5.0 mg/L.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum L.Gossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- ZTe2
- Outcome
- callus inductione2
- Direction
- optimume2
- Value
- 3.0~5.0mg/Le2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture”
e2“The optimum ZT concentration for callus induction was 3.0~5.0mg/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Root explants were the most responsive for cotton somatic embryo production, then hypocotyl, then cotyledon.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum L.Gossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- roote3
- Outcome
- production of somatic embryose3
- Direction
- most responsivee3
- Comparator
- hypocotyle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture”
e3“The root was the most responsive explant for production of somatic embryos, the hypocotyl was the next, and the cotyledon was the last”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D promoted proliferation of embryogenic callus in cotton.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum L.Gossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D)e4
- Outcome
- proliferation of embryogenic calluse4
- Direction
- promotede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture”
e4“2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) promoted the proliferation of embryogenic callus, but had a negative effect on the differentiation and germination of somatic embryos”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D had a negative effect on differentiation and germination of cotton somatic embryos.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum L.Gossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D)e4
- Outcome
- differentiation and germination of somatic embryose4
- Direction
- negative effecte4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture”
e4“2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) promoted the proliferation of embryogenic callus, but had a negative effect on the differentiation and germination of somatic embryos”
Claim · model-written summary
Activated charcoal could promote production, maturation and germination of cotton somatic embryos.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum L.Gossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- activated charcoale5
- Outcome
- production, maturation and germination of somatic embryose5
- Direction
- could promotee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture”
e5“Addition of activated charcoal or a proper combination of ZT and 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) could promote the production, maturation and germination of somatic embryos”
Claim · model-written summary
A combination of ZT and IAA could promote production, maturation and germination of cotton somatic embryos.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum L.Gossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- ZT and 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA)e5
- Outcome
- production, maturation and germination of somatic embryose5
- Direction
- could promotee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture”
e5“Addition of activated charcoal or a proper combination of ZT and 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) could promote the production, maturation and germination of somatic embryos”
Claim · model-written summary
ZH medium with 2,4-D, kinetin and ZT was the best medium for proliferation of cotton embryogenic callus.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum L.Gossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- ZH mediume6
- Outcome
- proliferation of embryogenic calluse6
- Value
- 1.0mg/L 2, 4-D, 0.5mg/L kinetin (KT) and 0.5mg/L ZTe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture”
e6“The best medium for the proliferation of embryogenic callus was ZH medium (Zhang et al., 1996) with 1.0mg/L 2, 4-D, 0.5mg/L kinetin (KT) and 0.5mg/L ZT”
Claim · model-written summary
MSB with ZT and activated charcoal was the best medium for differentiation and germination of cotton somatic embryos.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum L.Gossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- MSBe7
- Outcome
- differentiation and germination of somatic embryose7
- Value
- 0.1mg/L ZT and 2g/L activated charcoale7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture”
e7“The best medium for the differentiation and germination of somatic embryos was MSB with 0.1mg/L ZT and 2g/L activated charcoal”
Claim · model-written summary
Two kinds of callus, embryogenic and nonembryogenic, were identified after 70 days of cotton culture.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum L.Gossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- embryogenic and nonembryogenic calluse1
- Value
- 70 dayse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture”
e1“Two kinds of callus could be identified after 70 days of culture: embryogenic and nonembryogenic callus”
Claim · model-written summary
Embryogenic cotton callus developed into somatic embryos after 20 days of subculture.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum L.Gossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- developed into somatic embryose2
- Value
- 20 dayse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture”
e2“Embryogenic callus developed into somatic embryos at various stages after 20 days of subculture”
Claim · model-written summary
Complete cotton plants could be regenerated via somatic embryogenesis from hypocotyl, cotyledon and root explants in 3-4 months.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum L.Gossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- hypocotyl, cotyledon and root explantse3
- Outcome
- Complete plants could be regeneratede3
- Value
- 3-4 monthse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture”
e3“Complete plants could be regenerated through somatic embryogenesis from hypocotyl, cotyledon and root explants in 3-4 months”
Claim · model-written summary
A low concentration of ZT was advantageous to induction of cotton embryogenic callus.
- Taxon
- Gossypium hirsutum L.Gossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- low concentration of ZTe4
- Outcome
- induction of embryogenic calluse4
- Direction
- advantageouse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An elite Chinese cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Simian-3 was chosen for tissue culture”
e4“a low concentration of ZT was advantageous to the induction of embryogenic callus”
The same questions in other papers
indole-3-acetic acid · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →2,4-D · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.