Abstract
Leaf senescence is one of the most limiting factors to plant productivity under salinity. Both the accumulation of specific toxic ions (e.g. Na+) and changes in leaf hormone relations are involved in the regulation of this process. Tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Moneymaker) were cultivated for 3 weeks under high salinity (100 mM NaCl) and leaf senescence-related parameters were studied during leaf development in relation to Na+ and K+ contents and changes in abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinins, the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), and the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Na+ accumulated to a similar extent in both leaves 4 and 5 (numbering from the base of the plant) and more quickly during the third week, while concurrently K+ contents sharply decreased. However, photosystem II efficiency, measured as the F(v)/F(m) ratio, decreased from the second week of salinization in leaf 4 but only at the end of the third week in the younger leaf 5. In the prematurely senescent leaf 4, ABA content increased linearly while IAA strongly decreased with salinization time. Although zeatin (Z) levels were scarcely affected by salinity, zeatin-riboside (ZR) and the total cytokinin content (Z+ZR) progressively decreased by 50% from the imposition of the stress. ACC was the only hormonal compound that increased in leaf tissue coincident with the onset of oxidative damage and the decline in chlorophyll fluorescence, and prior to massive Na+ accumulation. Indeed, (Z+ZR) and ACC contents and their ratio (Z+ZR/ACC) were the hormonal parameters best correlated with the onset and progression of leaf senescence. The influence of different hormonal changes on salt-induced leaf senescence is discussed.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
In the prematurely senescent leaf 4 of tomato, ABA content increased linearly with salinization time.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Organ / stage
- leaf 4e1
- Treatment
- salinization timee1
- Outcome
- ABA contente1
- Direction
- increased linearlye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In the prematurely senescent leaf 4, ABA content increased linearly while IAA strongly decreased with salinization time”
t0“leaf senescence in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
In the prematurely senescent leaf 4 of tomato, IAA strongly decreased with salinization time.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaf 4e1
- Treatment
- salinization timee1
- Outcome
- IAAe1
- Direction
- strongly decreasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In the prematurely senescent leaf 4, ABA content increased linearly while IAA strongly decreased with salinization time”
t0“leaf senescence in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zeatin levels in tomato leaves were scarcely affected by salinity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- salinitye1
- Outcome
- zeatin (Z) levelse1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Although zeatin (Z) levels were scarcely affected by salinity, zeatin-riboside (ZR) and the total cytokinin content (Z+ZR) progressively decreased by 50% from the imposition of the stress”
t0“leaf senescence in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zeatin-riboside and total cytokinin content in tomato progressively decreased by 50% from the imposition of salinity stress.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- imposition of the stresse1
- Outcome
- zeatin-riboside (ZR) and the total cytokinin content (Z+ZR)e1
- Direction
- progressively decreasede1
- Value
- 50%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Although zeatin (Z) levels were scarcely affected by salinity, zeatin-riboside (ZR) and the total cytokinin content (Z+ZR) progressively decreased by 50% from the imposition of the stress”
t0“leaf senescence in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC was the only hormonal compound that increased in tomato leaf tissue, coincident with the onset of oxidative damage.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaf tissuee1
- Compound
- ACCe1
- Outcome
- increased in leaf tissuee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- coincident with the onset of oxidative damagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“ACC was the only hormonal compound that increased in leaf tissue coincident with the onset of oxidative damage and the decline in chlorophyll fluorescence, and prior to massive Na+ accumulation”
t0“leaf senescence in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zeatin plus zeatin-riboside contents and the Z+ZR/ACC ratio were the hormonal parameters best correlated with leaf senescence in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Compound
- Z+ZR/ACCe1
- Outcome
- onset and progression of leaf senescencee1
- Qualifier
- best correlatede1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Indeed, (Z+ZR) and ACC contents and their ratio (Z+ZR/ACC) were the hormonal parameters best correlated with the onset and progression of leaf senescence”
t0“leaf senescence in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Na+ accumulated in tomato leaves 4 and 5 more quickly during the third week of salinity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaves 4 and 5e1
- Compound
- Na+e1
- Outcome
- accumulatede1
- Qualifier
- more quickly during the third weeke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Na+ accumulated to a similar extent in both leaves 4 and 5 (numbering from the base of the plant) and more quickly during the third week, while concurrently K+ contents sharply decreased”
t0“leaf senescence in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
K+ contents in tomato leaves sharply decreased during salinization.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- K+ contentse1
- Direction
- sharply decreasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Na+ accumulated to a similar extent in both leaves 4 and 5 (numbering from the base of the plant) and more quickly during the third week, while concurrently K+ contents sharply decreased”
t0“leaf senescence in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosystem II efficiency in tomato leaf 4 decreased from the second week of salinization.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaf 4e1
- Treatment
- salinizatione1
- Outcome
- photosystem II efficiencye1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Qualifier
- from the second weeke1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“However, photosystem II efficiency, measured as the F(v)/F(m) ratio, decreased from the second week of salinization in leaf 4 but only at the end of the third week in the younger leaf 5”
t0“leaf senescence in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosystem II efficiency in the younger tomato leaf 5 decreased only at the end of the third week of salinization.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- younger leaf 5e1
- Treatment
- salinizatione1
- Outcome
- photosystem II efficiencye1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Qualifier
- only at the end of the third weeke1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“However, photosystem II efficiency, measured as the F(v)/F(m) ratio, decreased from the second week of salinization in leaf 4 but only at the end of the third week in the younger leaf 5”
t0“leaf senescence in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
49 papers in the same direction as this paper · 32 in the opposite direction
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