Abstract
SUMMARY Fusarium graminearum is the main causative agent of Fusarium head blight on small grain cereals and of ear rot on maize. The disease leads to dramatic yield losses and to an accumulation of mycotoxins. The most dominant F. graminearum mycotoxins are the trichothecenes, with deoxynivalenol and nivalenol being the most prevalent derivatives. To investigate the involvement of trichothecenes in the virulence of the pathogen, the gene coding for the initial enzyme of the trichothecene pathway was disrupted in three field isolates, differing in chemotype and in virulence. From each isolate three individual disruption mutants were tested for their virulence on wheat, barley and maize. Despite the different initial virulence of the three wild-type progenitor strains on wheat, all disruption mutants caused disease symptoms on the inoculated spikelet, but the symptoms did not spread into other spikelets. On barley, the trichothecene deficient mutants showed no significant difference compared to the wild-type strains: all were equally aggressive. On maize, mutants derived from the NIV-producing strain caused less disease than their wild-type progenitor strain, while mutants derived from DON-producing strains caused the same level of disease as their progenitor strains. These data demonstrate that trichothecenes influence the virulence of F. graminearum in a highly complex manner, which is strongly host as well as moderately chemotype specific.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
On wheat, disruption mutants caused symptoms on inoculated spikelets but no spread to other spikelets.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Interactor
- Fusarium graminearum
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium graminearume1pathogen - Outcome
- disease symptoms on the inoculated spikelete0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“all disruption mutants caused disease symptoms on the inoculated spikelet, but the symptoms did not spread into other spikelets.”
t0“wheat, barley and maize”
e1“Fusarium graminearum”
Claim · model-written summary
On barley, trichothecene-deficient mutants were not significantly different in aggressiveness from wild-type strains.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Treatment
- trichothecene deficient mutantse0
- Interactor
- Fusarium graminearumFusarium graminearume1pathogen
- Outcome
- aggressivee0
- Direction
- no significant differencee0
- Comparator
- wild-type strainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“On barley, the trichothecene deficient mutants showed no significant difference compared to the wild-type strains: all were equally aggressive.”
e1“Fusarium graminearum”
Claim · model-written summary
On maize, mutants of the NIV-producing strain caused less disease than their wild-type progenitor.
- Treatment
- mutants derived from the NIV-producing straine0
- Interactor
- Fusarium graminearumFusarium graminearume1pathogen
- Outcome
- diseasee0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- wild-type progenitor straine0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On maize, mutants derived from the NIV-producing strain caused less disease than their wild-type progenitor strain”
e1“Fusarium graminearum”
Claim · model-written summary
On maize, mutants of DON-producing strains caused the same disease level as their progenitors.
- Treatment
- mutants derived from DON-producing strainse0
- Interactor
- Fusarium graminearumFusarium graminearume1pathogen
- Outcome
- level of diseasee0
- Direction
- samee0
- Comparator
- progenitor strainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mutants derived from DON-producing strains caused the same level of disease as their progenitor strains.”
t0“wheat, barley and maize”
e1“Fusarium graminearum”