Abstract
Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) is an important forage legume crop with 52 species adapted to dry and poor soils in Turkey, but little is known about the effects of salinity on germination and seedling growth in arid and semiarid regions suffering from salinity problem. The seeds and pollen of two species of sainfoin O. viciifolia and O. oxyodonta var. armena (Syn: O. armena) were exposed to 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 dS m-1 of NaCl under in vivo and in vitro conditions and evaluated for germination under salt stress by comparing germination percentage, mean germination time, root and shoot length, fresh and dry seedling weight and dry matter. Increased salinity levels generally resulted in decrease in all traits except time to germination, dry seedling weight and dry matter, which increased at high salinity levels. O. viciifolia seeds germinated and grew more rapidly compared to O. armena seeds under NaCl stress. No decrease in germination and seedling growth up to 10 dS m-1 was recorded. On the other hand, there was a clear difference for germination and seedling growth between in vivo and in vitro conditions. Lower values were obtained from in vitro experiments; suggesting that mineral salts, sucrose and agar may have resulted in higher osmotic potential inhibiting germination and seedling growth of species compared in vivo conditions. Decrease in pollen germination with increasing salinities was very sharp, indicating that pollen germination had higher sensitive to salinity. But, pollen grains of O. armena germinated rapidly compared to O. viciifolia. The results emphasize that in vivo experiments could be used for screening of NaCl tolerance in sainfoin cultivars without expensive chemicals and sophisticated equipments, but pollen germination is more appropriate for its wild relatives.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salinity generally decreased measured germination and seedling growth traits.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Increased salinity levels generally resulted in decrease in all traits except time to germination, dry seedling weight and dry matter, which increased at high salinity levels.”
Claim · model-written summary
Time to germination, dry seedling weight and dry matter increased at high salinity.
- Treatment
- high salinity levelse0
- Outcome
- time to germination, dry seedling weight and dry mattere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Increased salinity levels generally resulted in decrease in all traits except time to germination, dry seedling weight and dry matter, which increased at high salinity levels.”
Claim · model-written summary
O. viciifolia seeds germinated and grew faster than O. armena under NaCl stress.
- Taxon
- O. viciifolia
Onobrychis viciifoliae0 - Treatment
- NaCl stresse0
- Outcome
- germinated and grewe0
- Direction
- more rapidlye0
- Comparator
- O. armenae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“O. viciifolia seeds germinated and grew more rapidly compared to O. armena seeds under NaCl stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination and seedling growth did not decline at salinity up to 10 dS m-1.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“No decrease in germination and seedling growth up to 10 dS m-1 was recorded.”
Claim · model-written summary
In vitro germination and seedling growth values were lower than in vivo values.
- Outcome
- germination and seedling growthe0
- Direction
- Lowere0
- Comparator
- in vivo conditionse0
- Setting
- in vitroe0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Lower values were obtained from in vitro experiments; suggesting that mineral salts, sucrose and agar may have resulted in higher osmotic potential inhibiting germination and seedling growth of species compared in vivo conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pollen germination fell sharply as salinity increased.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Decrease in pollen germination with increasing salinities was very sharp, indicating that pollen germination had higher sensitive to salinity.”
Claim · model-written summary
O. armena pollen germinated faster than O. viciifolia pollen.
Verbatim
e0“But, pollen grains of O. armena germinated rapidly compared to O. viciifolia.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend in vivo screening for NaCl tolerance in sainfoin cultivars.
Verbatim
e0“The results emphasize that in vivo experiments could be used for screening of NaCl tolerance in sainfoin cultivars without expensive chemicals and sophisticated equipments, but pollen germination is more appropriate for its wild relatives.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend pollen germination screening for wild relatives.
Verbatim
e0“The results emphasize that in vivo experiments could be used for screening of NaCl tolerance in sainfoin cultivars without expensive chemicals and sophisticated equipments, but pollen germination is more appropriate for its wild relatives.”