Abstract
This study investigated the effects of silicon (Si) on the resistance of common bean plants to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. The plants were grown in a nutrient solution containing 0 (control) or 2 mM Si (+Si) and both photosynthesis and antioxidative metabolism levels were evaluated. The Si concentrations in the leaf tissues of +Si plants increased by 33% in comparison to those of control plants. Anthracnose severity was reduced by 34% in +Si plants in comparison to control plants. The net carbon assimilation rate, stomatal conductance to water vapor and transpiration rate values were significantly higher in +Si plants than in control plants. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) tended to be higher in +Si plants than in control plants. The hydrogen peroxide concentration was significantly lower in +Si plants than in control plants. In conclusion, the Si supply was associated with lower anthracnose severity and up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes, which in turn might be associated with better gas exchange in +Si plants. The impaired photosynthetic performance in +Si plants was associated with stomatal limitations, whereas in control plants those impairments likely reflected dysfunctions at the level of biochemical reactions involved in CO2 fixation.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon supply reduced anthracnose severity in common bean by 34% compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- common bean
Phaseolus vulgarise0 - Treatment
- 2 mM Sie1
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum lindemuthianum
Colletotrichum lindemuthianume0pathogen - Outcome
- Anthracnose severitye3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 34%e3
- Comparator
- control plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resistance of common bean plants to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum”
e1“The plants were grown in a nutrient solution containing 0 (control) or 2 mM Si (+Si)”
e3“Anthracnose severity was reduced by 34% in +Si plants in comparison to control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon supply increased silicon concentration in common bean leaf tissues by 33% compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Organ / stage
- leaf tissuese2
- Treatment
- 2 mM Sie1
- Outcome
- Si concentrations in the leaf tissuese2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 33%e2
- Comparator
- control plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resistance of common bean plants to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum”
e1“The plants were grown in a nutrient solution containing 0 (control) or 2 mM Si (+Si)”
e2“The Si concentrations in the leaf tissues of +Si plants increased by 33% in comparison to those of control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon supply significantly increased net carbon assimilation rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate in common bean compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- 2 mM Sie1
- Outcome
- net carbon assimilation rate, stomatal conductance to water vapor and transpiration ratee4
- Direction
- highere4
- Comparator
- control plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resistance of common bean plants to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum”
e1“The plants were grown in a nutrient solution containing 0 (control) or 2 mM Si (+Si)”
e4“The net carbon assimilation rate, stomatal conductance to water vapor and transpiration rate values were significantly higher in +Si plants than in control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon supply tended to raise the activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase in common bean compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- 2 mM Sie1
- Outcome
- activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR)e5
- Direction
- highere5
- Qualifier
- tendede5
- Comparator
- control plantse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resistance of common bean plants to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum”
e1“The plants were grown in a nutrient solution containing 0 (control) or 2 mM Si (+Si)”
e5“The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) tended to be higher in +Si plants than in control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon supply significantly lowered hydrogen peroxide concentration in common bean compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- 2 mM Sie1
- Outcome
- hydrogen peroxide concentratione6
- Direction
- lowere6
- Comparator
- control plantse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resistance of common bean plants to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum”
e1“The plants were grown in a nutrient solution containing 0 (control) or 2 mM Si (+Si)”
e6“The hydrogen peroxide concentration was significantly lower in +Si plants than in control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The impaired photosynthetic performance in silicon-supplied common bean was associated with stomatal limitations.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Outcome
- impaired photosynthetic performance in +Si plantse7
- Qualifier
- stomatal limitationse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resistance of common bean plants to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum”
e7“The impaired photosynthetic performance in +Si plants was associated with stomatal limitations, whereas in control plants those impairments likely reflected dysfunctions at the level of biochemical reactions involved in CO2 fixation”
Claim · model-written summary
In control common bean plants, impairments of photosynthesis likely reflected dysfunctions in biochemical reactions of CO2 fixation.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Outcome
- those impairmentse7
- Qualifier
- dysfunctions at the level of biochemical reactions involved in CO2 fixatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resistance of common bean plants to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum”
e7“The impaired photosynthetic performance in +Si plants was associated with stomatal limitations, whereas in control plants those impairments likely reflected dysfunctions at the level of biochemical reactions involved in CO2 fixation”
The same questions in other papers
silicon atom · physiology: photosynthesis · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
silicon atom · physiology: oxidative · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
silicon atom · Colletotrichum lindemuthianum · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.